ENERGY-BALANCE MODELS INCORPORATING TRANSPORT OF THERMAL AND LATENT ENERGY
ENERGY-BALANCE MODELS INCORPORATING TRANSPORT OF THERMAL AND LATENT ENERGY
复制标题
DOI：
10.1175/1520-0469(1984)041
复制
发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
FLANNERY, BP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FLANNERY, BP
标准的纬度分辨能量平衡模型描述了一个球体上受太阳加热、红外辐射冷却和能量扩散再分配的能量守恒，根据傅里叶型热流，其通量与温度梯度成正比。该模型确定温度随纬度det (x)的分布。这里我们考虑一个类似的模型，即两相模型，其中我们考虑空气热能和与水蒸气相关的潜热的输送。在相对湿度不变的假设下，我们使用两相模型来计算气候变化，即ΔT(x)作为日照变化和大气co2浓度变化的函数。我们将结果与标准能量平衡模型和环流模型的计算结果进行了比较。与标准模式相比，两相模式发现的双倍大气co2的增温随纬度的分布更符合GCM研究中发现的增温模式。特别是，两相模式，像全球环流模式一样，显示两极的人口比赤道的人口多。在两相模式中，极性放大可以用温度相关的有效扩散系数来解释，该系数随变暖而增加。在两相模式中，向两极增温的放大发生，因为随着系统变暖，系统输送热量的能力增加。
Standard latitudinally resolved energy balance models describe conservation of energy on a sphere subject to solar heating, cooling by infrared radiation and diffusive redistribution of energy according to a Fourier type heat flow with flux proportional to the gradient of temperature. The model determines the distribution of temperature with latitudeT(x). Here we consider a similar model, the two phase model, in which we allow for transport of both thermal energy of air and latent heat associated with water vapor.We use the two phase model to calculate climate change, i.e., ΔT(x), as a function of varying insolation and changing concentration of atmospheric CO2under the assumption that relative humidity does not change. We compare the results with calculations from standard energy balance models and general circulation models. The distribution of warming with latitude for doubled atmospheric CO2found with the two phase model agrees far better with the pattern of warming found in GCM studies than do results found with the standard model. In particular, the two phase model, like the GCM, shows greater manning at the poles than at the equator. In the two phase model, polar amplification can be explained in terms of a temperature dependent effective diffusion coefficient that increases with warming. Amplification of warming toward the poles occurs in the two phase model because the ability of the system to transport heat increases as the system warms.