Alcohol Consumption and Parkinson's Disease Risk: A Review of Recent Findings.
Alcohol Consumption and Parkinson's Disease Risk: A Review of Recent Findings.
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DOI：
10.3233/jpd-150533
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Smith LA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bettiol SS;Rose TC;Hughes CJ;Smith LA
背景：帕金森病与吸烟、咖啡和饮酒等生活方式暴露之间的关系几十年来一直是研究的焦点，但结果各不相同且常常相互矛盾。 目的：本文回顾了调查饮酒与帕金森病风险之间关系的观察性研究的主要特征，以确定结果之间变异的潜在来源。 方法：利用三个数据库系统检索2000-2014年相关文献。如果主要研究文章报告了酒精摄入量和频率与帕金森病风险之间关联的衡量标准，并且至少针对吸烟和年龄的潜在混杂因素进行了调整，则这些文章将被纳入。 结果：识别出 16 篇文章。与前瞻性设计的研究相比，这七项病例对照研究更有可能报告饮酒水平的弱保护关联。两项研究报告了大量（有害健康）饮酒与帕金森病之间的关系。有微弱的证据表明，这种关联因酒精饮料的类型而异。吸烟可能会改变酒精摄入量与帕金森病风险之间的关联，但是，证据并不支持混杂因素（例如避免成瘾的人格特质）在吸烟、咖啡和酒精摄入量与帕金森病风险之间产生负相关的理论。这些研究的方法学缺陷，包括选择和回忆偏差、残留混杂因素和缺乏统计功效，可能在一定程度上解释了它们的差异。 结论：在选择和回忆偏倚风险较大的研究中发现，饮酒与 PD 风险之间存在微弱关联。
Background: The association between Parkinson’s disease and lifestyle exposures such as smoking, coffee and alcohol consumption have been the focus of research for several decades, with varying and often conflicting results. Objective: This paper reviews the key features of observational studies investigating the relationship between alcohol drinking and PD risk, to determine potential sources of variability between the results. Methods: Relevant literature from 2000–2014 was systematically retrieved using three databases. Primary research articles were included if they reported a measure of association between quantity and frequency of alcohol intake and PD risk, and adjusted at least for the potential confounding factors of smoking and age. Results: Sixteen articles were identified. The seven case-control studies were more likely to report a weak protective association by level of alcohol consumption compared to the studies with prospective designs. Two studies reported the relationship between heavy (harmful to health) drinking and PD. There was weak evidence that associations varied by type of alcoholic beverage. Smoking may modify the association between alcohol intake and PD risk, however, the evidence does not support the theory that a confounder (such as an addiction-avoiding personality trait) produced the inverse associations between smoking, coffee and alcohol intake and PD risk. Methodological weaknesses of the studies, including selection and recall bias, residual confounding and lack of statistical power may in part account for their differences. Conclusion: The weak association between alcohol drinking and PD risk was found in studies at greater risk of selection and recall bias.