Unequally vulnerable: a food justice approach to racial disparities in COVID-19 cases
Unequally vulnerable: a food justice approach to racial disparities in COVID-19 cases
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DOI：
10.1007/s10460-020-10110-z
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发表时间：
2020-05-20
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Young, Kara Alexis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alkon, Alison Hope;Bowen, Sarah;Young, Kara Alexis
尽管一些人称新冠肺炎为“伟大的均衡器”，但美国疾病控制与预防中心的最新数据显示，黑人、拉丁裔和美洲原住民比白人更容易感染和死亡1。在最近的一次新闻发布会上，美国国际开发署主任安东尼·福奇博士从“基础疾病--糖尿病、高血压和肥胖症”的患病率方面描述了这些差异(引用于Lahut 2020)。虽然几乎没有人会认为饮食是造成这些差异的唯一原因，甚至是主要原因，但包括福奇博士在内的一些医学专家认为，美国人与饮食相关的健康状况使我们特别容易受到伤害。我们可以用食品正义的视角来质疑这种说法，它考察了种族资本主义是如何影响食品的生产、分配和消费的。大众文化和营养科学倾向于将饮食概念化为个人选择的结果。相比之下，食品正义研究人员强调影响食品消费的结构性条件。一个食品正义框架认为，食品不仅仅是卡路里和杂货店。居住隔离和士绅化，公共卫生和医疗机构的种族主义，以及整个食品部门的劳动条件，导致了与食品相关的种族和经济健康差异。作为食品正义研究人员，我们认为，饮食决定往往受到获得健康食品的空间和经济差异的制约。这些差距植根于种族主义的城市发展政策，如红线和城市更新，这些政策长期以来让有色人种社区没有
Although some have called COVID-19 “the great equalizer,” recent data from the CDC shows that Black, Latinx and Native American people become infected and die more often than whites 1. In a recent press briefing NIAID Director Dr. Anthony Fauci described these disparities in terms of the prevalence of “underlying medical conditions—the diabetes, the hypertension, the obesity”(quoted in Lahut 2020). While few would contend that diet is the only or even the main cause of these disparities, some medical experts, including Dr. Fauci, argue that Americans’ diet-related health conditions make us uniquely and unequally vulnerable. We can interrogate this claim using a food justice perspective, which examines how racial capitalism affects the production, distribution and consumption of food. Popular culture and nutrition science tend to conceptualize diet as the result of individual choices. In contrast, food justice researchers emphasize the structural conditions that affect food consumption. A food justice framework argues that food is more than just calories and grocery stores. Residential segregation and gentrification, racism in public health and medical institutions and labor conditions throughout the food sector contribute to racial and economic foodrelated health disparities.As food justice researchers, we argue that dietary decisions are often constrained by spatial and economic disparities in access to healthy food. These disparities are rooted in racist urban development policies like redlining and urban renewal, which have long left communities of color without