Physiology of the endothelium
Physiology of the endothelium
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/bja/aeh163
复制
发表时间：
2004-07-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Webster, NR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Galley, HF;Webster, NR
在过去，内皮被认为是惰性的，被描述为“成核玻璃纸层”，仅具有非反应性屏障特性，例如呈现用于血流的非血栓形成表面和防止促炎性损伤。然而，现在越来越清楚的是，内皮细胞积极和反应性地参与止血和免疫及炎症反应。它们通过产生一氧化氮、内皮素和肾上腺素调节血管张力，并参与动脉粥样硬化形成、自身免疫性疾病和感染过程的表现。它们产生并与各种细胞因子和粘附分子反应，现在很清楚它们可以根据环境条件产生抗炎和促炎和保护性反应，并且是关键的免疫反应细胞。内皮功能障碍或活化也有助于多种疾病状态。
In the past, the endothelium was considered to be inert, described as a 'layer of nucleated cellophane', with only non-reactive barrier properties, such as presentation of a non-thrombogenic surface for blood flow and guarding against pro-inflammatory insults. However, it is now becoming clear that endothelial cells actively and reactively participate in haemostasis and immune and inflammatory reactions. They regulate vascular tone via production of nitric oxide, endothelin and prostaglandins and are involved in the manifestations of atherogenesis, autoimmune diseases and infectious processes. They produce and react to various cytokines and adhesion molecules and it is now clear that they can mount anti- and pro-inflammatory and protective responses depending on environmental conditions and are key immunoreactive cells. Endothelial dysfunction or activation also contributes to a variety of disease states.