Effects of technology complexity on the emergence and evolution of wind industry manufacturing locations along global value chains
Effects of technology complexity on the emergence and evolution of wind industry manufacturing locations along global value chains
复制标题
技术复杂性对全球价值链上风电行业制造地点的出现和演变的影响
DOI：
10.1038/s41560-020-00685-6
复制
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
56.7
通讯作者：
Hultman, Nathan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Surana, Kavita;Doblinger, Claudia;Anadon, Laura Diaz;Hultman, Nathan
风能可以通过扩大清洁能源和通过新的制造业支持经济来促进国家气候，能源和经济目标。然而，实现这些相互关联的目标的机制并不十分清楚。在这里，我们分析了风能制造业的全球价值链，使用了与13家原始设备制造商合作的389家组件供应商公司（2006-2016年）的数据集。我们评估技术复杂性，即制造组件的知识强度和难度，如何塑造供应商的位置。对于没有风电产业的国家，我们发现了仅为低复杂性组件（例如塔和发电机）提供供应商的证据。对于现有风电产业的国家，我们发现，供应商的演变，即其国际供应关系的变化，是不太可能的高复杂性的组件（例如，叶片和齿轮箱）。我们的研究结果表明，理解技术沿着企业和国家在全球价值链中实现政策目标的重要性。
Wind energy can contribute to national climate, energy and economic goals by expanding clean energy and supporting economies through new manufacturing industries. However, the mechanisms for achieving these interlinked goals are not well understood. Here we analyse the wind energy manufacturing global value chain, using a dataset on 389 component supplier firms (2006–2016) that work with 13 original equipment manufacturers. We assess how technology complexity, that is, the knowledge intensity and difficulty of manufacturing components, shapes the location of suppliers. For countries without existing wind industries, we find evidence of the emergence of suppliers for only low-complexity components (for example, towers and generators). For countries with existing wind industries, we find that suppliers’ evolution, that is, changes in their international supply relationships, is less likely for high-complexity components (for example, blades and gearboxes). Our findings show the importance of understanding technologies along with firms and countries within global value chains for achieving policy goals.