Nouns before verbs in comprehension vs. production: the view from pragmatics
Nouns before verbs in comprehension vs. production: the view from pragmatics
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DOI：
10.1017/s0305000900004244
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发表时间：
2000-10-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Goldfield, BA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldfield, BA
这项研究探讨了导致英语儿童偏向于说出更多他们所知道的名词和更少的动词的语用因素。如果在生产中偏爱名词，父母应该在孩子的言语中引出更多的名词而不是动词。如果动词理解比动词产生更重要，那么父母应该更多地提示孩子采取行动而不是产生动词。对 CHILDES 数据库新英格兰名录中 44 名亲子（1 岁；8 岁）二人组的数据进行了分析。孩子们说出的名词多于动词，但母亲说出的动词多于名词。言语行为分析表明，母亲会引发名词的产生，但很少促使孩子产生动词。母亲更多地促使孩子做出行动，而不是产生动词，而动词最常出现在母亲用来引发孩子行动的言语行为中。此外，孩子们理解的动词比他们产生的动词多得多。这些数据表明生产测量低估了早期词汇发展中动词学习的频率和重要性。
This study examines pragmatic factors that bias English-speaking children to produce more of the nouns and fewer of the verbs that they know. If nouns are favoured for production, parents should elicit more nouns than verbs in child speech. If verb comprehension is favoured over verb production, parents should more often prompt children to produce an action than to produce a verb. Data from 44 parent-child (age 1;8) dyads in the New England directory of the CHILDES data base were analysed. Children produced more nouns than verbs but mothers produced more verbs than nouns. Speech act analyses indicate that mothers elicited noun production but rarely prompted children to produce verbs. Mothers more often prompted children to produce an action than to produce a verb, and verbs occurred most often in maternal speech acts used to elicit children's actions. Moreover, children comprehended many more verbs than they produced. These data suggest that production measures underestimate the frequency and significance of verb-learning in early lexical development.