The Determinable-Determinate Relation
The Determinable-Determinate Relation
复制标题
可确定-确定关系
DOI：
10.1111/j.1468-0068.2006.00623.x
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Eric Funkhouser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Eric Funkhouser
彩色和红色的属性有着特殊的关系。也就是说，红色是有色的决定物，有色的是相对于红色的决定物。许多其他属性也有类似的关联。规定关系本身是逻辑研究的一个有趣的题目，因此哲学上对这种关系的研究，往往是在高度抽象的层面上进行的。现在是回到这些研究的时候了，不仅仅是作为一种逻辑上的娱乐，而是为了这种研究在解决一些基本的形而上学问题时所能产生的回报。接下来的目标是双重的。首先，我主张对决定关系有一种新的理解。其次，这种理解被应用于产生对属性实例（例如，修辞）个性化的见解，不同的属性类型如何共享一个实例，属性类型和属性实例之间的关系，以及因果关系的应用（特别是心理因果关系）。属性类型之间的确定关系成立。对这种关系的成功分析应该符合下列关于可决定物及其决定物的真理：以下规范对必须被证明是可确定的：彩色/红色，红色/猩红色和形状/圆形。前两个例子表明，属性是可确定的，或者仅相对于其他属性是可确定的。红色相对于猩红色是可以确定的，但相对于有色是可以确定的。2. 一个对象具有决定性的属性就是这个对象具有决定性的属性以一种特定的方式归属于这个对象。例如，being scarlet是红色的一种特定方式，而being red是被涂上颜色的一种特定方式。这个关于特异性的概念
The properties colored and red stand in a special relation. Namely, red is a determinate of colored, and colored is determinable relative to red. Many other properties are similarly related. The determination relation is an interesting topic of logical investigation in its own right, and the prominent philosophical inquiries into this relation have, accordingly, operated at a high level of abstraction. 1 It is time to return to these investigations, not just as a logical amusement, but for the payoffs such investigation can yield in solving some basic metaphysical problems. The goal in what follows is twofold. First, I argue for a novel understanding of the determination relation. Second, this understanding is applied to yield insights into property instance (e.g., trope) individuation, how different property types can share an instance, the relation between property types and property instances, as well as applications to causation (mental causation, in particular). The determination relation holds between property types. A successful analysis of this relation should accord with the following truisms about determinables and their determinates: 1. The following canonical pairs must turn out to be related as determinable to determinate: colored/red, red/scarlet, and shaped/circular. The first two examples show that properties are determinables or determinates only relative to other properties. Red is determinable relative to scarlet, but determinate relative to colored. 2. For an object to have a determinate property is for that object to have the determinable properties the determinate falls under in a specific way. For example, being scarlet is a specific way of being red, and being red is a specific way of being colored. This notion of specificity with regard to