Amygdalar interaction with the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in stimulus-reward associative learning in the monkey
Amygdalar interaction with the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in stimulus-reward associative learning in the monkey
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.10-11-03479.1990
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发表时间：
1990-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Gaffan;Elisabeth A. Murray
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Gaffan;Elisabeth A. Murray
评估食蟹猴（Macaca fascicularis）将视觉刺激与食物奖励相关联的能力。他们学习了一系列新的两个选择的视觉辨别显示器屏幕上显示的彩色图案。正确选择的反馈是食物的交付。为了促进视觉刺激和食物奖励的激励值之间的关联学习，奖励传递不伴随着显示屏上的任何独特的视觉反馈。在总共16只猴子的手术前后评估了学习新问题的比率。三组3只猴子接受双侧对称消融在杏仁核，丘脑背内侧核，或腹内侧前额叶皮质。所有这些组均表现出严重的术后学习障碍。对另外7只动物的3个结构中的1个进行单侧消融，并进行第二次单侧消融，每种情况下均与第一次对侧且不同，以产生2组，其中假定的杏仁核-丘脑-前额叶通路已被交叉单侧损伤断开。一个切断组的杏仁核和腹内侧前额叶皮质有病变，另一个切断组的杏仁核和丘脑背内侧核有病变。断流术组表现出明显的损伤，但断流术的影响明显轻于3个双侧对称病变中的任何一个。因此，杏仁核、背内侧核或前额叶腹内侧皮层的对称性双侧损伤在当前任务中产生类似的损伤，这意味着这些结构在功能上彼此相关;但是将这些结构彼此断开的相对温和的影响与它们是一个单一的、紧密相连的功能通路中的连续阶段的假设相矛盾。
Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were assessed for their ability to associate visual stimuli with food reward. They learned a series of new 2-choice visual discriminations between colored patterns displayed on a monitor screen. The feedback for correct choice was the delivery of food. In order to promote associative learning between the visual stimuli and the incentive value of the food reward, reward delivery was not accompanied by any distinctive visual feedback on the display screen. The rate of learning new problems was assessed before and after surgery in a total of 16 monkeys. Three groups of 3 monkeys received bilaterally symmetrical ablations in either the amygdala, the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus, or the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. All these groups showed a severe postoperative learning impairment. Seven other animals were given a unilateral ablation in 1 of those 3 structures and a second unilateral ablation, in each case contralateral to and different from the first, in order to produce 2 groups in which a putative amygdalo-thalamo-prefrontal pathway had been disconnected by crossed unilateral lesions. One disconnection group had lesions in the amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex; the other had lesions in the amygdala and the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus. The disconnection groups showed a significant impairment, but the effect of the disconnection surgeries was significantly milder than the effect of any of the 3 bilaterally symmetrical lesions. Therefore, symmetrical bilateral lesions in either the amygdala, the mediodorsal nucleus, or the ventromedial prefrontal cortex produce similar impairments in the present task, implying that these structures are functionally related to each other; but the relatively mild effect of disconnecting these structures from each other argues against the hypothesis that they are serial stages in a single, tightly linked functional pathway.