Reduced sleep spindle activity point to a TRN-MD thalamus-PFC circuit dysfunction in schizophrenia.
Reduced sleep spindle activity point to a TRN-MD thalamus-PFC circuit dysfunction in schizophrenia.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.schres.2016.05.023
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发表时间：
2017-02
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Tononi G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferrarelli F;Tononi G
精神分裂症患者有可靠的睡眠障碍报告，因此表明睡眠异常可能是这种疾病的核心特征。研究睡眠结构的传统脑电图研究发现，深度非快速眼动（NREM）睡眠或慢波睡眠（SWS）减少，REM密度增加。然而，这些发现并不一致，并没有生存的荟萃分析。相比之下，最近几项探索睡眠期间大脑活动的EEG研究已经确定，与健康和精神病对照受试者相比，精神分裂症患者（包括首次发作和早发患者）的睡眠纺锤波明显不足。Spinal是由丘脑网状核（TRN）在丘脑内产生的12-16 Hz NREM睡眠振荡，然后在皮质中同步和持续。虽然睡眠纺锤波的功能作用仍然需要完全确定，但越来越多的证据表明，睡眠纺锤波与学习和记忆有关，包括睡眠依赖性记忆巩固，并且纺锤波参数与一般认知能力和智商相关。在这篇文章中，我们将回顾脑电图研究表明，睡眠纺锤波缺陷的精神分裂症患者，并表明，纺锤波缺陷可以预测他们的认知能力下降。然后，我们将提出的数据表明，纺锤体损伤点TRN-MD丘脑-前额叶皮层电路缺陷，并讨论有关的丘脑-皮层睡眠纺锤体异常的精神分裂症的可能的分子机制。
Sleep disturbances have been reliably reported in patients with schizophrenia, thus suggesting that abnormal sleep may represent a core feature of this disorder. Traditional electroencephalographic studies investigating sleep architecture have found reduced deep Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep, or slow wave sleep (SWS), and increased REM density. However, these findings have been inconsistently observed, and have not survived meta-analysis. By contrast, several recent EEG studies exploring brain activity during sleep have established marked deficits in sleep spindles in schizophrenia, including first-episode and early–onset patients, compared to both healthy and psychiatric comparison subjects. Spindles are waxing and waning, 12–16 Hz NREM sleep oscillations that are generated within the thalamus by the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN), and are then synchronized and sustained in the cortex. While the functional role of sleep spindles still needs to be fully established, increasing evidence has shown that sleep spindles are implicated in learning and memory, including sleep dependent memory consolidation, and spindle parameters have been associated to general cognitive ability and IQ. In this article we will review the EEG studies demonstrating sleep spindle deficits in patients with schizophrenia, and show that spindle deficits can predict their reduced cognitive performance. We will then present data indicating that spindle impairments point to a TRN-MD thalamus-prefrontal cortex circuit deficit, and discuss about the possible molecular mechanisms underlying thalamo-cortical sleep spindle abnormalities in schizophrenia.