COGNITIVE ARITHMETIC - A REVIEW OF DATA AND THEORY
COGNITIVE ARITHMETIC - A REVIEW OF DATA AND THEORY
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/0010-0277(92)90051-i
复制
发表时间：
1992-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
ASHCRAFT, MH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ASHCRAFT, MH
认知算术领域关注的是数字和算术的心理表征，以及获取和使用这些知识的过程和程序。在这篇文章中，我提供了该领域的教程回顾，首先讨论了四个基本的经验效应，表征认知算术的证据：问题的大小或难度，错误，相关性和处理策略的影响。然后，我回顾了目前的三个简单的算术处理模型和实证报告，支持或挑战他们的解释。评论的第三部分讨论了基本事实检索和基于规则的组件或系统之间的关系，并认为目前的证据和建议的整体架构的认知算术系统。评论的结论与最后一组的猜测普遍存在的问题的难度效应，仍然是一个中心难题在该领域。
The area of cognitive arithmetic is concerned with the mental representation of number and arithmetic, and the processes and procedures that access and use this knowledge. In this article, I provide a tutorial review of the area, first discussing the four basic empirical effects that characterize the evidence on cognitive arithmetic: the effects of problem size or difficulty, errors, relatedness, and strategies of processing. I then review three current models of simple arithmetic processing and the empirical reports that support or challenge their explanations. The third section of the review discusses the relationship between basic fact retrieval and a rule-based component or system, and considers current evidence and proposals on the overall architecture of the cognitive arithmetic system. The review concludes with a final set of speculations about the all-pervasive problem difficulty effect, still a central puzzle in the field.