TROUBLED LETTERS BUT NOT NUMBERS - DOMAIN SPECIFIC COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS FOLLOWING FOCAL DAMAGE IN FRONTAL-CORTEX
TROUBLED LETTERS BUT NOT NUMBERS - DOMAIN SPECIFIC COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS FOLLOWING FOCAL DAMAGE IN FRONTAL-CORTEX
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DOI：
10.1093/brain/113.3.749
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发表时间：
1990-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
14.5
通讯作者：
DAMASIO, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ANDERSON, SW;DAMASIO, AR;DAMASIO, H
一名受过良好教育的右撇子妇女在左侧运动前皮质的手术损伤后出现了严重而稳定的失读症和失写症。病变位于Broca区上方的Brodmann区6，该区域传统上称为Exner区。失读症和失写症以一种纯粹的形式发生，也就是说，在认知和神经功能正常的情况下发生。她没有失语或偏瘫，她的视觉、智力、记忆、口语拼写和绘画都很正常。阅读和写作障碍的模式是密切相关的。她对单个单词和字母的阅读能力严重受损，完全无法阅读句子。她几乎不能写可识别的字母，不能写单词，她的写作尝试在空间上严重扭曲。相比之下，她可以很容易地阅读所有的数字和非语言符号，她也可以毫不费力地写数字和进行书面计算。这些显著的分离为认知/神经表征的领域特异性提供了进一步的证据。他们还指出，运动前皮层在参与读写的运动和感觉活动模式的精确序列的协同激活中可能发挥的作用。
A well educated right-handed woman developed severe and stable alexia and agraphia following a circumscribed surgical lesion in the left premotor cortex. The lesion was located in Brodmann''s field 6 above Broca''s area, in the region traditionally referred to as Exner''s area. The alexia and agraphia occurred in a pure form, that is, in the setting of otherwise normal cognitive and neurological function. She was not aphasic or hemiparetic and her visual perception, intellect, memory, oral spelling and drawing were normal. The patterns of impairment of reading and writing closely paralleled one another. Reading of single words and letters was severely impaired, and she was entirely unable to read sentences. She was virtually unable to write recognizable letters, could write no words, and her writing attempts were severely distorted spatially. By contrast, she could easily read all numbers and nonverbal symbols, and she was equally able to write numbers and perform written calculations without difficulty. These striking dissociations provide further evidence of the domain specificity of cognitive/neural representations. They also point to the possible role of premotor cortices in the coactivation of precise sequences of motor and sensory activity patterns involved in reading and writing.