Disasters and corruption: public expectations and tolerance—evidence from Mexico
Disasters and corruption: public expectations and tolerance—evidence from Mexico
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灾难与腐败：公众的期望和宽容——来自墨西哥的证据
DOI：
10.1111/disa.12585
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Olson, Richard S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gawronski, Vincent T.;Levitt, Barry S.;Olson, Richard S.
灾难腐败是一个令人烦恼的问题，它破坏了国家的合法性，加剧了人类的痛苦。墨西哥历史上既发生过重大灾难，也一直存在严重的腐败现象。2017年的7.1级地震为我们提供了一个机会，研究人们对救灾中腐败的期望和容忍程度随时间的变化。20年前，墨西哥城居民预计，平均每10辆装载人道主义援助物资的卡车中，就有3辆会因腐败而损失，但他们对这种行为几乎零容忍。到2018 - 2019年，墨西哥城居民预计超过一半的救济物资，即每10辆卡车中有6辆被盗，并且可以容忍每10辆卡车中有3辆被盗。在国家层面也发现了类似的结果。因此，墨西哥人似乎正在放弃这个州。具体地说，解决减少灾害风险和人道主义救济中的腐败问题可能为改善其他国家机构之间的公众信任提供一个模板。
Disaster corruption is a vexing problem, damaging state legitimacy and exacerbating human suffering. Mexico has a history of both major disasters and persistently high levels of corruption. A magnitude 7.1 earthquake in 2017 provided an opportunity to study change over time in expectations and tolerance of corruption in disaster relief. Twenty years earlier, Mexico City residents expected, on average, essentially three out of 10 hypothetical trucks loaded with humanitarian assistance to be lost to corruption but expressed near zero tolerance of such conduct. By 2018–19, Mexico City residents expected more than one‐half of all relief, six out of 10 trucks, to be stolen, and could tolerate three out of 10 trucks being pilfered. Similar results were found at the national level. Hence, Mexicans appear to be giving up on the state. Addressing corruption in disaster risk reduction and humanitarian relief specifically might provide a template for improving public trust across other state institutions.