Genetic differentiation for nuclear, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes in common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) and cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Genetic differentiation for nuclear, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes in common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) and cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.)
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DOI：
10.1007/s00122-002-0878-4
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发表时间：
2002-06-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Doi, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sun, CQ;Wang, XK;Doi, K
以75个栽培稻品种为材料，采用Southern杂交和PCR技术研究了核、线粒体和叶绿体基因组的遗传分化。和118个普通野生稻（CWR，Oryza rufipogon Griff.）来自亚洲十个国家。结果表明，籼粳分化在核基因组和细胞质基因组上均存在显著差异，表明籼粳分化对栽培稻的3类基因组具有重要意义。在普通野生稻中也发现了这种分化，但在基因组区室和不同区域之间存在一些差异。在核DNA变异方面，中国粳稻既有籼型变异，也有粳型变异，但粳型变异较籼型多。南亚地区未发现类粳稻型，东南亚地区仅发现2株类粳稻型，因此类籼稻型是南亚和东南亚地区的主要类型。在线粒体DNA方面，在CWR中仅检测到少数日本型菌株。对于cpDNA，来自中国、孟加拉国和缅甸的CWR菌株中以Japonica型为主，而来自泰国、马来西亚、柬埔寨和斯里兰卡的CWR菌株中以Indica型为主，并且在印度CWR中发现两种类型的频率相似。然而，总的来说，普通野生稻的籼粳分化程度远不如栽培稻。核和线粒体DNA变异的聚类分析表明，一些CWR菌株显示出较大的遗传距离，从栽培稻形成集群不同。栽培稻中三类基因组间遗传分化的一致性远高于常规稻。在75份供试材料中，约有3/4的材料为“同源型”，表明核DNA、线粒体DNA和叶绿体DNA在籼粳分化方面的结果一致。在CWR中，中国、南亚和东南亚的同源型比例分别为5.7%、15%和48.8%。根据所有CWR品系和栽培稻的核基因组和线粒体基因组的平均遗传距离，发现核基因组的变异性高于线粒体基因组。基于所有基因组的全球模式显示，CWR比栽培稻更多样化。
The genetic differentiation of nuclear, mitochondrial (mt) and chloroplast (cp) genomes was investigated by Southern and PCR analysis using 75 varieties of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) and 118 strains of common wild rice (CWR, Oryza rufipogon Griff.) from ten countries of Asia. The distinguishing differences between the Indica and Japonica cultivars were detected both in the nuclear genome and the cytoplasmic genome, confirming that the Indica-Japonica differentiation is of major importance for the three different classes of genome in cultivated rice. This differentiation was also detected in common wild rice with some differences among the genome compartments and the various regions. For nuclear DNA variation, both Indica-like and Japonica-like types were observed in the Chinese CWR, with the latter more-frequent than the former. No Japonica-like type was found in South Asia, and only two strains of the Japonica-like type were detected in Southeast Asia, thus the Indica-like type is the major type among South and Southeast Asian CWR. For mtDNA, only a few strains of the Japonica-like type were detected in CWR. For cpDNA, the Japonica type was predominant among the CWR strains from China, Bangladesh and Burma, while the Indica type was predominant among the CWR strains from Thailand, Malaysia, Cambodia and Sri Lanka, and both types were found in similar frequencies among the Indian CWR. Altogether, however, the degree of Indica-Japonica differentiation in common wild rice was much-less important than that in cultivated rice. Cluster analyses for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA variation revealed that some CWR strains showed large genetic distances from cultivated rice and formed clusters distinct from cultivated rice. Coincidence in the genetic differentiation between the three different classes of genome was much higher in cultivated rice than in CWR. Among the 75 cultivars, about 3/4 entries were "homoeotype" showing congruent results for nuclear, mt and cpDNA regarding the Indica-Japonica differentiation. In CWR, the proportions of homoeotypes were 5.7%, 15% and 48.8% in China, South Asia and Southeast Asia, respectively. Based on the average genetic distance among all the strains of CWR and cultivated rice for nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, the variability of the nuclear genome was found to be higher than that of the mitochondrial genome. The global pattern based on all genomes shows much-more diversification in CWR than that in cultivated rice.