Seasonal abundance and survival of North America's migratory avifauna determined by weather radar
Seasonal abundance and survival of North America's migratory avifauna determined by weather radar
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DOI：
10.1038/s41559-018-0666-4
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
影响因子：
16.8
通讯作者：
Kelling, Steve
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dokter, Adriaan M.;Farnsworth, Andrew;Kelling, Steve
鸟类迁徙是地球上最大的生物量运输过程之一，涉及数十亿只鸟类。我们估计大陆生物量流量的夜间鸟类移民在美国本土使用的网络143个天气雷达。我们发现，相对于秋季离开的生物量，春季返回的生物量在美国南部比在美国北方更多。与大多数温带越冬迁徙者聚集在北方的情况相比，新热带迁徙者在迁徙和非繁殖期的结合期间显然取得了更高的生存率，尽管迁徙距离平均要长三到四倍。在（亚）热带地区的高生存率可能抵消了较长的迁移距离预期的额外死亡率。新北-新热带区移民依赖于“更高的生存率”的生活史策略，可能对越冬地的生存变化特别敏感，突出了识别和保护重要的非繁殖栖息地的必要性。
Avian migration is one of Earth's largest processes of biomass transport, involving billions of birds. We estimated continental biomass flows of nocturnal avian migrants across the contiguous United States using a network of 143 weather radars. We show that, relative to biomass leaving in autumn, proportionally more biomass returned in spring across the southern United States than across the northern United States. Neotropical migrants apparently achieved higher survival during the combined migration and non-breeding period, despite an average three- to fourfold longer migration distance, compared with a more northern assemblage of mostly temperate-wintering migrants. Additional mortality expected with longer migration distances was probably offset by high survival in the (sub)tropics. Nearctic-Neotropical migrants relying on a 'higher survivorship' life-history strategy may be particularly sensitive to variations in survival on the overwintering grounds, highlighting the need to identify and conserve important non-breeding habitats.