LOTTERY WINNERS AND ACCIDENT VICTIMS - IS HAPPINESS RELATIVE
LOTTERY WINNERS AND ACCIDENT VICTIMS - IS HAPPINESS RELATIVE
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.36.8.917
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发表时间：
1978-01-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
JANOFFBULMAN, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BRICKMAN, P;COATES, D;JANOFFBULMAN, R
适应水平理论表明，对比和习惯都会起到作用，阻止赢得财富提升幸福感。与胜利的巅峰体验相比，普通快乐的影响应该会减少，而习惯化最终会减少胜利带来的新快乐的价值。研究1比较了22名主要彩票中奖者与22名对照组以及29名瘫痪事故受害者的样本。正如预测的那样，彩票中奖者并不比对照组更快乐，从一系列平凡事件中获得的快乐也明显减少。研究2，使用86 Ss谁住得很近，过去的彩票中奖者，表明这些影响是不是由于预先存在的差异，人们谁买或不买彩票或采访之间，使或没有使彩票显着。截瘫患者也表现出了对比效应，他们不是通过增强轻微的快乐，而是通过理想化他们的过去，这对他们现在的幸福没有帮助。(34参考）（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2016阿帕，保留所有权利）
Adaptation level theory suggests that both contrast and habituation will operate to prevent the winning of a fortune from elevating happiness as much as might be expected. Contrast with the peak experience of winning should lessen the impact of ordinary pleasures, while habituation should eventually reduce the value of new pleasures made possible by winning. Study 1 compared a sample of 22 major lottery winners with 22 controls and also with a group of 29 paralyzed accident victims who had been previously interviewed. As predicted, lottery winners were not happier than controls and took significantly less pleasure from a series of mundane events. Study 2, using 86 Ss who lived close to past lottery winners, indicated that these effects were not due to preexisting differences between people who buy or do not buy lottery tickets or between interviews that made or did not make the lottery salient. Paraplegics also demonstrated a contrast effect, not by enhancing minor pleasures but by idealizing their past, which did not help their present happiness.(34 ref)(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)