Return to ‘a new normal’: Discourses of resilience to natural disasters in Australian newspapers 2006–2010
Return to ‘a new normal’: Discourses of resilience to natural disasters in Australian newspapers 2006–2010
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回归“新常态”：2006-2010 年澳大利亚报纸中关于抵御自然灾害的论述
DOI：
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.03.006
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
E. Bohensky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Leitch;E. Bohensky
复原力作为一个将应对变化概念化的概念，正在公共话语中流行。在澳大利亚，新闻媒体经常使用“复原力”一词来描述自然灾害。媒体对自然灾害复原力的描述-作为以可见阈值为特征的突发事件-提供了一个有益的透镜，通过它来了解复原力，并使人们关注学术界和更广泛的公众对这一概念的看法之间的差异。本文分析了2006年至2010年澳大利亚报纸文章中的弹性话语。我们认为使用的术语“弹性”和弹性的三个属性是重要的，在确定社区如何应对灾害：结构和功能，自我组织，学习和适应。我们的研究结果表明，虽然媒体话语有助于阐明是什么使社区对灾害具有弹性，但它也强调了弹性如何在以下情况下受到破坏：受灾社区以外的行为者最常使用的术语，成为一种“有抱负的修辞手段”;地方依恋表现为“锁定”，即个人不能轻易离开受灾社区;灾后工作的重点是恢复现状，而不是鼓励变革;向社区提供的外部援助过多或分配不均会威胁到社区的自我效能和凝聚力。媒体话语往往缺乏对正式准备方案以外的学习的反思，但重视分享经验。我们的分析有理论和实践的结果：从理论上说，这一分析进一步丰富了三个属性的描述作为核心概念的弹性理论。实际上，这项工作突出了沟通韧性，以鼓励建设性地应对灾害的困难，但也提供了洞察力，使韧性理论更容易获得和相关的灾害管理界为澳大利亚和全球。
Resilience, as a concept that conceptualises response to change, is gaining currency in the public discourse. In Australia, the term ‘resilience’ is frequently used by the news media in connection with natural disasters. Media representation of resilience to natural disasters—as rapid onset events characterised by visible thresholds—provides an instructive lens through which to learn about resilience, and bring into focus, differences between academic and broader public perspectives on the concept. In this paper we analyse resilience discourses in Australian newspaper articles from 2006 to 2010. We consider the use of the term ‘resilience’ and three attributes of resilience that are important in determining how communities respond to disasters: structure and function, self-organisation, and learning and adaptation. Our results show that while the media discourse helps to illuminate what makes communities resilient to disasters, it also highlights how resilience can be undermined when: the term, used most often by actors at from outside the affected community, becomes an ‘aspirational rhetorical device’; place attachment manifests as ‘lock in’ whereby individuals cannot easily leave a disaster-affected community; emphasis post disaster is on reinstating the status quo rather than encouraging transformation; and excessive or inequitably distributed external assistance to a community threatens self-efficacy and cohesion. Media discourse tends to lack reflection on learning beyond formal preparedness programs, but places value on sharing experience. Our analysis has theoretical and practical outcomes: theoretically, this analysis further enriches the descriptions of the three attributes as central concepts in resilience theory. Practically, this work highlights the difficulty in communicating about resilience to encourage constructive response to disasters, but also provides insight into making resilience theory more accessible and relevant to the disaster management community for Australia and globally.
影响因子：
30.7
作者：
Spence, A.;Poortinga, W.;Pidgeon, N. F.
通讯作者：
Pidgeon, N. F.