Mechanisms Involved in the Amplification of the 11-yr Solar Cycle Signal in the Tropical Pacific Ocean
Mechanisms Involved in the Amplification of the 11-yr Solar Cycle Signal in the Tropical Pacific Ocean
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DOI：
10.1175/jcli-d-11-00261.1
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发表时间：
2012-07
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
S. Misios;H. Schmidt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Misios;H. Schmidt
热带太平洋对11年太阳周期强迫的响应是否类似拉尼娜或类似厄尔尼诺的信号一直存在争议。为了解决这一问题，采用有和没有海洋耦合的大气环流模式进行了整体模拟。耦合模拟显示，没有证据表明太阳极大期出现了类似拉尼娜的降温现象。相反，热带海洋表面温度几乎与11年的太阳周期同步上升。在热带太平洋模拟了约0.1 K的全盆地变暖，而热带印度洋和大西洋的变暖较弱。在西太平洋，深层对流区域向东移动，从而减少了地面东风。这种转移与海洋耦合无关，因为在不耦合的模拟中，深层对流也向东移动。减少的地面东风使地下变冷，但由于热传输散度的减少使地面变暖。后一种机制与……
AbstractIt is debated whether the response of the tropical Pacific Ocean to the 11-yr solar cycle forcing resembles a La Nina– or El Nino–like signal. To address this issue, ensemble simulations employing an atmospheric general circulation model with and without ocean coupling are conducted. The coupled simulations show no evidence for a La Nina–like cooling in solar maxima. Instead, the tropical sea surface temperature rises almost in phase with the 11-yr solar cycle. A basinwide warming of about 0.1 K is simulated in the tropical Pacific, whereas the warming in the tropical Indian and Atlantic Oceans is weaker. In the western Pacific, the region of deep convection shifts to the east, thus reducing the surface easterlies. This shift is independent of the ocean coupling because deep convection moves to the east in the uncoupled simulations too. The reduced surface easterlies cool the subsurface but warm the surface due to the reduction of heat transport divergence. The latter mechanism operates together w...