Steer stress levels during long distance transport throughout the year in Japan
Steer stress levels during long distance transport throughout the year in Japan
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1740-0929.2008.00557.x
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Tanaka, Toshio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ishiwata, Toshie;Uetake, Katsuji;Tanaka, Toshio
本研究的目的是调查运输条件和肉牛的行为和生理反应的长途商业运输全年日本。在春季（n = 8）、夏季（n = 5）、秋季（n = 8）和冬季（n = 5），用卡车运输日本黑×荷斯坦阉牛（7.9 +/- 0.6月龄; 320.0 +/- 19.0 kg）。运输距离（时间）为1020.6公里（25小时，包括休渔期）：高速公路615.4公里（6.4小时），干线公路163.2公里（3.7小时），渡轮242.0公里（10.5小时）。在所有季节，卡车的空间允许量约为1.6米（2）/头。卡车的内部温度在春季为14.7 +/- 4.7摄氏度，夏季为27.9 +/- 2.6摄氏度，秋季为24.4 +/- 2.8摄氏度，冬季为9.2 +/- 4.3摄氏度。虽然卡车在高速公路上行驶时内部噪声和气流速度更大，（101.1 +/- 8.3 dB和1.50 +/- 1.50 m/s）（92.0 ± 15.2 dB和1.32 ± 1.41 m/s）（均P < 0.05），在高速公路上行驶时，更多的转向者躺下（P < 0.001）。春季血糖、血浆皮质醇、血清三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）浓度和ALT活性均高于春季（P均< 0.05）。这可能是由于卡车纵向振动加速度（m/s（2））在春季（-0.19 +/-0.43）大于其他季节（夏季-0.14 +/-0.09、秋季-0.15 +/-0.20和冬季-0.15 +/-0.13）（均P < 0.05）。转运后即刻心率、血清T3、总胆固醇、总蛋白、AST和ALT活性均高于转运后1周（均P < 0.05）。然而，运输应激应不严重，因为运输前后的血浆皮质醇，血乳酸和血清NEFA，血清甘油三酯和血清pH值和体重的浓度没有显着差异。
The objective of this study was to investigate transportation conditions and behavioral and physiological responses of beef steers to long distance commercial transport throughout the year Japan. Japanese Black x Holstein steers (7.9 +/- 0.6 months of age; 320.0 +/- 19.0 kg) were transported by truck in spring (n = 8), summer (n = 5), autumn (n = 8) and winter (n = 5). Transport distances (time) were 1020.6 km (25 h including lairage periods): 615.4 km (6.4 h) on expressways, 163.2 km (3.7 h) on arterial roads and 242.0 km (10.5 h) by ferry. The space allowance of the truck was about 1.6 m(2)/head in all seasons. Internal temperatures of the truck were 14.7 +/- 4.7 degrees C in spring, 27.9 +/- 2.6 degrees C in summer, 24.4 +/- 2.8 degrees C in autumn and 9.2 +/- 4.3 degrees C in winter. Although internal noise and airflow velocity of the truck were louder and greater while moving on expressways (101.1 +/- 8.3 dB and 1.50 +/- 1.50 m/s) than on arterial roads (92.0 +/- 15.2 dB and 1.32 +/- 1.41 m/s) (both P < 0.05), more steers lay down while moving on expressways (P < 0.001). Blood glucose, plasma cortisol, and serum triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations and ALT activity were higher in spring (all P < 0.05). This could be explained by that vibration acceleration (m/s(2)) of the truck in the longitudinal direction was greater in spring (-0.19 +/- 0.43) than in the other seasons (-0.14 +/- 0.09 in summer, -0.15 +/- 0.20 in autumn and -0.15 +/- 0.13 in winter) (all P < 0.05). Heart rate, serum concentrations of T-3, total cholesterol, total protein, and AST and ALT activities were higher just after transport than 1 week after transport (all P < 0.05). However, transport stress should be not severe, since no difference between before and after transport was shown on concentrations of plasma cortisol, blood lactate and serum NEFA, serum triglyceride and serum pH and liveweight.