Environmental heterogeneity and population density affect the functional diversity of personality traits in small mammal populations
Environmental heterogeneity and population density affect the functional diversity of personality traits in small mammal populations
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环境异质性和种群密度影响小型哺乳动物种群人格特征的功能多样性
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2020.1713
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Brehm, Allison M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mortelliti, Alessio;Brehm, Allison M.
了解影响生态群落功能多样性的因素是生态学家和保护主义者的重要目标。以前的工作主要是在社区层面进行的，但是，最近的研究强调了考虑种内功能多样性（即同种之间表型性状的功能多样性）的至关重要性。此外，现有文献对这一主题的一个主要限制是缺乏实证研究检查功能多样性的行为表型，包括动物的个性。这是一个主要的缺点，因为人格特质会影响个体的健康，而人口中的人格构成会产生重要的生态后果。我们的研究旨在通过调查影响野生动物种群人格特征功能多样性的因素来填补这一知识空白。具体而言，我们预测，与人格特征相关的丰富性，分歧和均匀性将受到森林结构的关键组成部分的影响，并会在不同的森林类型之间变化。为了实现我们的目标，我们进行了一个完全重复的大规模的现场实验，为期4年，使用小型哺乳动物种群作为模型系统。我们发现，灌木，粗木质残体和树冠覆盖的更大的异质性与更大的丰富性，较低的分歧和较低的均匀度的个性特征。更大的人口密度与更大的功能丰富性和更低的功能分歧和个性特征的均匀性。为了维持一个行为多样的人口及其相关功能，管理者可能会促进植被的异质性和人口密度的增加，我们发现这是最重要的决定因素驱动功能多样性的人格特质。
Understanding factors affecting the functional diversity of ecological communities is an important goal for ecologists and conservationists. Previous work has largely been conducted at the community level; however, recent studies have highlighted the critical importance of considering intraspecific functional diversity (i.e. the functional diversity of phenotypic traits among conspecifics). Further, a major limitation of existing literature on this topic is the lack of empirical studies examining functional diversity ofbehavioural phenotypes—including animal personalities. This is a major shortcoming because personality traits can affect the fitness of individuals, and the composition of personalities in a population can have important ecological consequences. Our study aims to contribute to filling this knowledge gap by investigating factors affecting the functional diversity of personality traits in wild animal populations. Specifically, we predicted that the richness, divergence and evenness associated with personality traits would be impacted by key components of forest structure and would vary between contrasting forest types. To achieve our objective we conducted a fully replicated large-scale field experiment over a 4 year period using small mammal populations as a model system. We found that greater heterogeneity in the cover of shrubs, coarse woody debris and canopy cover was associated with a greater richness, lower divergence and lower evenness in personality traits. Greater population density was associated with greater functional richness and lower functional divergence and evenness of personality traits. To maintain a behaviourally diverse population and its associated functions, managers may promote heterogeneity in vegetation and increased population density, which we found to be the most important determinants driving functional diversity of personality traits.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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