Human exposure assessment to environmental chemicals using biomonitoring
Human exposure assessment to environmental chemicals using biomonitoring
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2605.2005.00570.x
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发表时间：
2006-02-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Needham, LL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Calafat, AM;Ye, XY;Needham, LL
在现代社会中，人类可能会接触到各种各样的环境化学品。尽管对许多化学品而言，这种接触对健康的重要性尚不清楚，但由于这些化学品对健康的潜在有害影响，如动物研究中经常显示的那样，有必要开展研究，调查这种接触的普遍性。使用了三种工具来评估接触情况：接触历史/调查问卷信息、环境监测和生物监测（即测量人体样本中化学品、其代谢物或其加合物的浓度）。我们提出了一个概述使用邻苯二甲酸酯，双酚A和其他环境酚类，和全氟化学品的暴露评估生物监测。我们讨论了解释和理解生物监测数据的相关因素，包括暴露和人体基质的生物标志物的选择，以及毒代动力学信息。没有讨论生物监测在人类风险评估中的用途。
In modern societies, humans may be exposed to a wide spectrum of environmental chemicals. Although the health significance of this exposure for many chemicals is unknown, studies to investigate the prevalence of exposure are warranted because of the chemicals' potential harmful health effects, as often indicated in animal studies. Three tools have been used to assess exposure: exposure history/questionnaire information, environmental monitoring, and biomonitoring (i.e. measuring concentrations of the chemicals, their metabolites, or their adducts in human specimens). We present an overview on the use of biomonitoring in exposure assessment using phthalates, bisphenol A and other environmental phenols, and perfluorinated chemicals as examples. We discuss some factors relevant for interpreting and understanding biomonitoring data, including selection of both biomarkers of exposure and human matrices, and toxicokinetic information. The use of biomonitoring in human risk assessment is not discussed.