Psychosocial Challenges in Solid Organ Transplantation
Psychosocial Challenges in Solid Organ Transplantation
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DOI：
10.1007/s10880-015-9435-6
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发表时间：
2015-09-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Butt, Zeeshan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kuntz, Kristin;Weinland, Stephan R.;Butt, Zeeshan
对于患有终末期器官疾病的个体来说，器官移植通常是一种挽救生命的手术。然而，对于大多数类型的实体器官移植来说，器官的需求大于供应，导致需要为无法立即接受器官的合适患者建立等候名单。需要移植的个人必须接受包括医学、外科和心理社会评估在内的评估过程。移植心理社会评估考虑手术候选人是否有能力并愿意多年护理移植器官。评估还必须考虑一些可能导致并发症的心理社会风险因素，从而可能导致移植物过早丢失。其中一些危险因素包括不良的医疗依从性病史、精神病理学（包括物质使用障碍）、社会支持不良和认知功能障碍。本文简要总结了对每个风险因素的评估以及如何减轻这些因素以确保患者及其家人获得最佳结果。
Organ transplantation is often a life-saving surgery for individuals with end-stage organ disease. However, for most types of solid organ transplant, the demand for organs outweighs the supply, resulting in the need to institute a waiting list for suitable patients who cannot immediately receive an organ. Individuals who need transplants must undergo an assessment process that includes medical, surgical, and psychosocial evaluations. The transplant psychosocial evaluation considers whether surgical candidates are able and willing to care for the transplanted organ for many years. The evaluation must also consider a number of psychosocial risk factors that can lead to complications, which may cause premature loss of the graft. Some of these risk factors include a history of poor medical adherence, psychopathology (including substance use disorders), poor social support, and cognitive dysfunction. This article briefly summarizes the assessment of each of these risk factors and how they can be mitigated to ensure the best outcomes for patients and their families.