BARREN STALK FASTIGIATE1 Is an AT-Hook Protein Required for the Formation of Maize Ears
BARREN STALK FASTIGIATE1 Is an AT-Hook Protein Required for the Formation of Maize Ears
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DOI：
10.1105/tpc.111.084590
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Schmidt, Robert J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gallavotti, Andrea;Malcomber, Simon;Schmidt, Robert J.
穗是玉米（Zea mays）植物的种子花序，是玉米产量的重要组成部分。穗形成的第一步是在发育中的叶腋处产生腋生分生组织。在20世纪50年代首次发现的经典玉米突变体无柄穗状花序1（baf 1）中，穗要么不形成，要么即使形成，也部分融合到主茎上。我们定位克隆了Baf 1，发现它编码一个转录调控因子，含有AT-钩DNA结合基序。Baf 1的单一同源基因被发现在短柄草（Brachypodium distachyon），水稻（Oryza sativa）和高粱（Sorghum bicolor）的同线区域，这表明该基因可能存在于所有谷类物种中。蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用分析表明，BAF 1能够形成同源二聚体和异源二聚体与AT-钩家族的其他成员。另一个转录调节子需要穗起始是基本的螺旋-环-螺旋蛋白BARREN STALK 1（BA 1）。遗传和表达分析表明，Baf 1是需要达到一个阈值水平的Ba 1表达的启动玉米穗。我们建议，Baf 1的功能划分的边界区域的干细胞龛的规格至关重要。
Ears are the seed-bearing inflorescences of maize (Zea mays) plants and represent a crucial component of maize yield. The first step in the formation of ears is the initiation of axillary meristems in the axils of developing leaves. In the classic maize mutant barren stalk fastigiate1 (baf1), first discovered in the 1950s, ears either do not form or, if they do, are partially fused to the main stalk. We positionally cloned Baf1 and found that it encodes a transcriptional regulator containing an AT-hook DNA binding motif. Single coorthologs of Baf1 are found in syntenic regions of brachypodium (Brachypodium distachyon), rice (Oryza sativa), and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), suggesting that the gene is likely present in all cereal species. Protein-protein interaction assays suggest that BAF1 is capable of forming homodimers and heterodimers with other members of the AT-hook family. Another transcriptional regulator required for ear initiation is the basic helix-loop-helix protein BARREN STALK1 (BA1). Genetic and expression analyses suggest that Baf1 is required to reach a threshold level of Ba1 expression for the initiation of maize ears. We propose that Baf1 functions in the demarcation of a boundary region essential for the specification of a stem cell niche.