The Data Management System for the Global Temperature and Salinity Profile Programme
The Data Management System for the Global Temperature and Salinity Profile Programme
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DOI：
10.5270/oceanobs09.cwp.86
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发表时间：
2010-12
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Sun
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文献类型：
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作者：
C. Sun
全球温度和盐度剖面计划（GTSPP）是国际海洋学数据和信息交换委员会（IODE）、世界气象组织（WMO）的海洋学和海洋气象学联合委员会（JCOMM）和政府间海洋学委员会（IOC）的联合计划。GTSPP的任务由参与国分担，包括但不限于阿根廷、澳大利亚、加拿大、中国、法国、德国、印度、意大利、日本、英国和美国。这些国家的科学家和数据管理人员贡献了他们的时间和资源，以确保该计划的继续运作。本文描述了一个框架，用于开发和实施可操作的最先进的数据和信息门户，该门户具有从近实时数据流中探索原位数据的能力，并将数据流与历史数据集成。该文件还提供了建议，以确保不同国家正在开发的数据和信息系统的互操作性。1. 国际海洋学界对建立一个及时的、已知质量的全球海洋温度和盐度数据集以支持世界气候研究计划（WCRP）的兴趣可以追溯到1981年在德国汉堡举行的国际海洋数据和信息交换委员会（IODE）会议。社会的兴趣导致澳大利亚海洋数据中心（AODC），海洋环境数据服务（MEDS），现在的综合科学数据管理（ISDM），加拿大和美国国家海洋数据中心（NODC）在第二次联合IOC-WMO（政府间海洋学委员会-世界气象组织）专家会议上对综合全球海洋服务系统（IGOSS）IODE数据流的初步讨论1988年1月在加拿大渥太华举行。普惠制的制定始于1989年，并于1990年11月开始实施。全球温度和盐度剖面计划（GTSPP）有四个主要目标：(a)提供及时和完整的已知和记录质量的海洋温度和盐度剖面数据和信息库，以支持全球和地方研究计划以及国家和国际业务海洋学；(b)实施数据流监测和报告系统，以改善GTSPP实时和延迟模式数据的捕获和及时性，以防止数据丢失；(c)通过协调所有参与国之间的活动，改进和实施商定的统一的质量控制和副本管理制度；(d)促进向客户开发和提供各种有用的数据、分析和信息产品。2. GTSPP是一个志愿者组织的集合，因此需要调整角色以适应参与水平的变化。在该计划的整个生命周期中，始终有5至7个国家和多达10至12个组织参与GTSPP的运作。目前，GTSPP由三个部分组成：(a)全球电信系统（GTS）： WMO提供使用GTS传输通过各种JCOMM(世界气象组织（WMO)/政府间海洋学委员会（IOC）海洋学和海洋气象学联合技术委员会）计划收集的海洋信息。GTSPP使用该服务获取交换的实时数据。实时数据处理服务由ISDM提供，(b)IODE数据中心：历史数据要么从其他IODE国家海洋数据中心（nodc）获取，要么从与气候变率和可预测性（CLIVAR）、世界海洋数据库（WOD）[7]和机遇船计划（SOOP）[7]等项目的合作中获取。连续管理数据库（CMD）： NODC为长期保存海洋数据和维护GTSPP CMD提供数据处理服务。GTSPP管理来自GTS的低分辨率数据的采集、摄取处理、质量控制和长期保存，以及来自XBT（消耗性测深仪）、CTD（电导率温度-深度）、系泊、剖面浮标和仪器海洋哺乳动物的全分辨率数据。图1说明了GTSPP数据流和数据管理过程。一个特定的国际联合通讯委员会或IODE中心在履行其国家和国际责任时可以分为几个类别。
The Global Temperature and Salinity Profile Programme (GTSPP) is a joint program of the International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange committee (IODE) and the Joint Commission on Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM) of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC). Tasks in the GTSPP are shared amongst the participating countries including but not limited to Argentina, Australia, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, UK, and USA. Scientists and data managers in these countries contribute their time and resources to ensure the continued functioning of the program. The paper describes a framework for developing and implementing operationally a state-of-the-art data and information portal with capabilities of exploring in-situ data from near real-time data streams and integrating the data streams with historical data. The paper also provides recommendations to ensure the interoperability of data and information systems being developed in different countries. 1. GTSPP BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The international oceanographic community‟s interest in creating a timely global ocean temperature and salinity dataset of known quality in support of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) dates back to the 1981 IODE (International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange committee) meeting in Hamburg, Federal Republic of Germany. The community's interest led to preliminary discussions by the Australian Oceanographic Data Center (AODC), the Marine Environmental Data Service (MEDS), now the Integrated Science Data Management (ISDM), of Canada and the U.S. National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC) during the second Joint IOC–WMO (Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission-World Meteorological Organization) Meeting of Experts on Integrated Global Ocean Services System (IGOSS)IODE Data Flow in Ottawa, Canada in January 1988. The development of the GTSPP began in 1989, and went into operation in November 1990. The GTSPP (Global Temperature and Salinity Profile Programme) has four primary objectives: (a.) to provide a timely and complete data and information base of ocean temperature and salinity profile data of known and documented quality in support of global and local research programs, and national and international operational oceanography, (b.) to implement data flow monitoring and reporting systems for improving the capture and timeliness of the GTSPP real-time and delayed mode data to prevent data losses, (c.) to improve and implement agreed and uniform quality control and duplicates management systems by coordinating activities among all participating countries and (d.) to facilitate the development and provision of a wide variety of useful data, analyses, information products to clients. 2. GTSPP INFRASTRUCTURE The GTSPP is a collection of volunteer organizations, and therefore role adjustments are needed to accommodate changes in levels of participation. Over the life of the program, there are consistently 5 to 7 countries, and up to 10 to 12 organizations participating in operations of the GTSPP. Currently, the GTSPP consists of three components: (a.) Global Telecommunication System (GTS): The WMO provides the use of the GTS for the transmission of oceanographic messages collected through various JCOMM (Joint World Meteorological Organisation (WMO)/Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology programs. The GTSPP uses this service to acquire real-time data exchanged. Real-time data processing services are provided by the ISDM, (b.) IODE Data Centers: Historical data are acquired either from other IODE National Oceanographic Data Centres (NODCs), or from cooperation with projects such as the Climate Variability and Predictability (CLIVAR), the World Ocean Database (WOD) [7] and the Ship Of Opportunity Programme (SOOP) [2], and (c.) Continuously Managed Database (CMD): The NODC provides data processing services for the long-term preservation of oceanographic data and the maintenance of the GTSPP CMD. GTSPP manages the acquisition, ingest processing, quality control and the long-term preservation for both low resolution data from the GTS, and the full resolution data from XBT‟s (Expendable Bathythermograph), CTD‟s (ConductivityTemperature-Depth), Moorings, profiling floats, and instrumented marine mammals. Figure 1 illustrates the GTSPP data flow and data management procedure. A given international JCOMM or IODE centre may fit within several boxes in carrying out its national and international responsibilities.