Development of an instrument for community-level health related social capital among Japanese older people: The JAGES Project.
Development of an instrument for community-level health related social capital among Japanese older people: The JAGES Project.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.je.2016.06.005
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发表时间：
2017-05
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Kondo K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saito M;Kondo N;Aida J;Kawachi I;Koyama S;Ojima T;Kondo K
我们开发并验证了一种工具，以测量社区一级的社会资本的基础上，来自日本的老年社区居民的数据。我们使用了来自日本老年学评估研究的横截面数据，这是一项全国性的调查，涉及702个社区内的123,760名功能独立的老年人（即，学区）。本研究对调查项目进行了探索性和验证性因素分析，以确定测量社区社会资本的多维度量表中的项目。用Cronbach α检验内部一致性。通过将量表与健康结果相关联来评估收敛结构效度。从53个候选变量中，提取了11个社区层面的变量：参与志愿者团体，体育团体，爱好活动，学习或文化团体，和活动的教学特定技能;信任，互惠的规范，和附件一个人的社区;收到情感支持;提供情感支持;并收到工具支持。使用因子分析，这些变量被确定为三个分量表：公民参与（特征值= 3.317，α = 0.797），社会凝聚力（特征值= 2.633，α = 0.853）和互惠（特征值= 1.424，α = 0.732）。验证性因素分析表明该模型具有较好的拟合效果。多水平Poisson回归分析显示，公民参与评分与个人主观健康密切相关（自测健康：患病率比[PR] 0.96; 95%置信区间[CI]，0.94-0.98;老年抑郁量表[GDS]：PR 0.95; 95% CI，0.93-0.97）。互惠评分也与个体GDS相关（PR 0.98; 95% CI，0.96-1.00）。社会凝聚力得分与个人健康指标并不一致。我们在社区层面上衡量社会资本的规模可能是有用的，为未来的研究老年社区居民。大多数研究未能捕捉到社区层面社会资本的多个维度。编制并验证了健康相关社区社会资本11项量表。该量表评估了公民参与、社会凝聚力和互惠。
We developed and validated an instrument to measure community-level social capital based on data derived from older community dwellers in Japan. We used cross-sectional data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study, a nationwide survey involving 123,760 functionally independent older people nested within 702 communities (i.e., school districts). We conducted exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses on survey items to determine the items in a multi-dimensional scale to measure community social capital. Internal consistency was checked with Cronbach's alpha. Convergent construct validity was assessed via correlating the scale with health outcomes. From 53 candidate variables, 11 community-level variables were extracted: participation in volunteer groups, sports groups, hobby activities, study or cultural groups, and activities for teaching specific skills; trust, norms of reciprocity, and attachment to one's community; received emotional support; provided emotional support; and received instrumental support. Using factor analysis, these variables were determined to belong to three sub-scales: civic participation (eigenvalue = 3.317, α = 0.797), social cohesion (eigenvalue = 2.633, α = 0.853), and reciprocity (eigenvalue = 1.424, α = 0.732). Confirmatory factor analysis indicated the goodness of fit of this model. Multilevel Poisson regression analysis revealed that civic participation score was robustly associated with individual subjective health (Self-Rated Health: prevalence ratio [PR] 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94–0.98; Geriatric Depression Scale [GDS]: PR 0.95; 95% CI, 0.93–0.97). Reciprocity score was also associated with individual GDS (PR 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96–1.00). Social cohesion score was not consistently associated with individual health indicators. Our scale for measuring social capital at the community level might be useful for future studies of older community dwellers. Most study failed to capture multiple dimensions of community-level social capital. We developed and validated 11-item health related community social capital scale. The scale assessed civic participation, social cohesion, and reciprocity.