Melt-Flow Behaviours of Thermoplastic Materials under Fire Conditions: Recent Experimental Studies and Some Theoretical Approaches.
Melt-Flow Behaviours of Thermoplastic Materials under Fire Conditions: Recent Experimental Studies and Some Theoretical Approaches.
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DOI：
10.3390/ma8125492
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发表时间：
2015-12-15
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tretsiakova-McNally S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Joseph P;Tretsiakova-McNally S
聚合物材料通常表现出复杂的燃烧行为，包括几个阶段，并涉及固相，气相和相间。目前有多种定性、半定量和定量测试技术，无论是在实验室规模还是在商业用途上，都可用于评估聚合物材料的分解和燃烧行为。这些技术包括但不限于：热重分析（TGA）、氧弹量热法、极限氧指数测量（LOI）、保险商实验室94（UL-94）测试、锥形量热法等。然而，上述技术都不能定量解释导致热塑性塑料熔体流动行为的基础物理化学过程。聚合物材料的熔体流动在火灾情况下可能构成严重的二次危害，例如，如果它们作为外壳中天花板的组成部分存在。近年来，已经完成了对一些商业上重要的链增长和逐步增长聚合物的质量损失和熔滴行为进行定量测量的尝试。本文的重点，主要是在热/火条件下的热塑性塑料的熔体流动行为的实验和一些理论方面。
Polymeric materials often exhibit complex combustion behaviours encompassing several stages and involving solid phase, gas phase and interphase. A wide range of qualitative, semi-quantitative and quantitative testing techniques are currently available, both at the laboratory scale and for commercial purposes, for evaluating the decomposition and combustion behaviours of polymeric materials. They include, but are not limited to, techniques such as: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), oxygen bomb calorimetry, limiting oxygen index measurements (LOI), Underwriters Laboratory 94 (UL-94) tests, cone calorimetry, etc. However, none of the above mentioned techniques are capable of quantitatively deciphering the underpinning physiochemical processes leading to the melt flow behaviour of thermoplastics. Melt-flow of polymeric materials can constitute a serious secondary hazard in fire scenarios, for example, if they are present as component parts of a ceiling in an enclosure. In recent years, more quantitative attempts to measure the mass loss and melt-drip behaviour of some commercially important chain- and step-growth polymers have been accomplished. The present article focuses, primarily, on the experimental and some theoretical aspects of melt-flow behaviours of thermoplastics under heat/fire conditions.