High-speed, three-dimensional imaging reveals chemotactic behaviour specific to human-infective Leishmania parasites.
High-speed, three-dimensional imaging reveals chemotactic behaviour specific to human-infective Leishmania parasites.
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.65051
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发表时间：
2021-06-28
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Wilson LG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Findlay RC;Osman M;Spence KA;Kaye PM;Walrad PB;Wilson LG
细胞运动是一种古老的真核生物特征，在整个门中普遍存在，在捕食者躲避，资源获取和竞争中发挥作用。鞭毛运动在各种寄生原生动物中可见，并且在寄生虫生命周期中鞭毛的形态变化已被观察到。我们研究了这些变化对生命周期各阶段运动性的影响，以及这些变化如何促进人类感染。利用全息显微镜对墨西哥利什曼原虫不同生命周期阶段的游动细胞进行三维成像。我们发现，人类感染的（元环promastigote）形式在没有刺激的情况下表现出“奔跑和翻跟头”的行为，让人想起细菌的运动，并且它们在巨噬细胞来源的刺激下特异性地改变游泳方向和速度以靶向宿主免疫细胞。非感染性细胞（原环promastigote）游动较慢，沿着蜿蜒的螺旋路径。这些发现证明了游泳表型和趋化性对人类细胞的适应性。
Cellular motility is an ancient eukaryotic trait, ubiquitous across phyla with roles in predator avoidance, resource access, and competition. Flagellar motility is seen in various parasitic protozoans, and morphological changes in flagella during the parasite life cycle have been observed. We studied the impact of these changes on motility across life cycle stages, and how such changes might serve to facilitate human infection. We used holographic microscopy to image swimming cells of different Leishmania mexicana life cycle stages in three dimensions. We find that the human-infective (metacyclic promastigote) forms display ‘run and tumble’ behaviour in the absence of stimulus, reminiscent of bacterial motion, and that they specifically modify swimming direction and speed to target host immune cells in response to a macrophage-derived stimulus. Non-infective (procyclic promastigote) cells swim more slowly, along meandering helical paths. These findings demonstrate adaptation of swimming phenotype and chemotaxis towards human cells.