Identifying Reservoirs of Infection: A Conceptual and Practical Challenge
Identifying Reservoirs of Infection: A Conceptual and Practical Challenge
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识别感染源：概念和实践的挑战
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
M. Laurenson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Haydon;S. Cleaveland;L. H. Taylor;M. Laurenson
许多传染性病原体，特别是那些引起新发疾病的病原体，会感染一种以上的宿主物种。管理多宿主病原体的水库往往在有效的疾病控制中起着至关重要的作用。然而，储层的定义仍然不统一，也不严格。我们建议，水库只能被理解为参考定义的目标人群。因此，我们将宿主定义为一个或多个流行病学上相互联系的人群或环境，在这些人群或环境中，病原体可以永久维持，并且感染可以从这些人群或环境传播到定义的目标人群。当目标人群和非目标人群之间的所有传播被消除后，目标人群中的感染无法持续时，就证实存在储主。当疾病可以单独通过目标人群内的干预措施来控制时，有效控制需要对潜在复杂的储库感染动力学知之甚少。我们讨论了不同的方法，可用于识别在该领域的储层的实用价值。
Many infectious agents, especially those that cause emerging diseases, infect more than one host species. Managing reservoirs of multihost pathogens often plays a crucial role in effective disease control. However, reservoirs remain variously and loosely defined. We propose that reservoirs can only be understood with reference to defined target populations. Therefore, we define a reservoir as one or more epidemiologically connected populations or environments in which the pathogen can be permanently maintained and from which infection is transmitted to the defined target population. Existence of a reservoir is confirmed when infection within the target population cannot be sustained after all transmission between target and nontarget populations has been eliminated. When disease can be controlled solely by interventions within target populations, little knowledge of potentially complex reservoir infection dynamics is necessary for effective control. We discuss the practical value of different approaches that may be used to identify reservoirs in the field.