Expertise in rural development: A conceptual and empirical analysis
Expertise in rural development: A conceptual and empirical analysis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.12.005
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Gkartzios, Menelaos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lowe, Philip;Phillipson, Jeremy;Gkartzios, Menelaos
人们越来越多地在发展叙事中认识到，社会上分布的专门知识是生活、解释和干预世界的关键，通常指的是多利益攸关方伙伴关系之间的知识共享。这种专业知识民主化的运动挑战了科学作为客观信息、证据和发现的唯一来源的意识形态主张，而这些信息、证据和发现是明智的决策和技术发展的基础。但是，如果我们拒绝这种说法，那么利益相关者学习、组织和传播知识和技能以及解决问题的方式会有什么影响呢？科学和专门知识如何在发展叙事和实践中结合起来？我们通过研究农村发展中科学、专业和非专业知识之间不断变化的关系来解决这些问题。首先，我们研究了过去几十年来农村发展和知识生成模式的演变，并引入了本地专业知识的概念-人们拥有和发展的专业知识，这种知识以地方为基础，但主要由外部来源和代理人滋养，并支撑着新的内生发展模式。其次，通过经验借鉴定性研究与农村咨询专业人士谁支持农民决策，我们解开本地专业知识的组成领域/地方产生的融合和领域/地方为重点的知识，并考虑如何更好地认识和加强发展进程和政策议程。(C)2018作者爱思唯尔有限公司出版
Understandings of socially distributed expertise as being key to living, interpreting and intervening in the world, are increasingly used in development narratives, referring usually to knowledge sharing across multi-stakeholder partnerships. This movement towards the democratisation of expertise challenges the ideological claim of science to be the exclusive source of objective information, evidence and discovery on which informed decisions and technological developments should be based. But if we reject that claim, what are the implications for the way stakeholders learn, organise and transmit knowledge and skills, and resolve problems? And how do science and expertise come together in development narratives and practices? We address these questions through an examination of the changing relationship between scientific, professional and non-professional expertise in rural development. Firstly, we examine the evolution of models of rural development and knowledge generation over past decades and introduce the concept of vernacular expertise - the expertise that people have and develop that is place-based but crucially nourished by outside sources and agents and which underpins neo-endogenous development models. Secondly, by drawing empirically on qualitative research with rural advisory professionals who support farmer decision making we unpack the composition of vernacular expertise as a fusion of field/place generated and field/place focused knowledge, and consider how it may be better recognised and enhanced in development processes and policy agendas. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.