Does reduced smoking if you can't stop make any difference?
Does reduced smoking if you can't stop make any difference?
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DOI：
10.1186/s12916-015-0505-2
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发表时间：
2015-10-12
期刊：
影响因子：
9.3
通讯作者：
Aveyard P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Begh R;Lindson-Hawley N;Aveyard P
促进和支持没有立即戒烟意图的吸烟者减少吸烟是有争议的，因为人们担心这会阻止戒烟，减少吸烟本身可能不会改善健康结果。有证据表明，减少每日吸烟量的吸烟者更有可能尝试并实际实现戒烟。此外，临床试验表明，尼古丁替代疗法对减少和停止都有好处。全球数据表明，随着电子烟的广泛使用，“非医疗”尼古丁对吸烟者更具吸引力。尽管如此，只有一项小型试验研究了使用电子烟来促进减少吸烟，直接证据仍然不确定。有人认为，长期减少吸烟可能直接有益于健康，尽管与戒烟相比，这种益处很小。综合数据表明，减少吸烟是一种有希望的干预措施，特别是在清洁尼古丁的支持下;然而，只有在导致永久戒烟时才能观察到益处。
Promoting and supporting smoking reduction in smokers with no immediate intention of stopping smoking is controversial given existing fears that this will deter cessation and that reduction itself may not improve health outcomes. Evidence shows that smokers who reduce the number of daily cigarettes smoked are more likely to attempt and actually achieve smoking cessation. Further, clinical trials have shown that nicotine replacement therapy benefits both reduction and cessation. Worldwide data suggests that ‘non-medical’ nicotine is more attractive to people who smoke, with electronic cigarettes now being widely used. Nevertheless, only one small trial has examined the use of electronic cigarettes to promote reduction, with direct evidence remaining inconclusive. It has been suggested that long-term reduced smoking may directly benefit health, although the benefits are small compared with cessation. The combined data imply that smoking reduction is a promising intervention, particularly when supported by clean nicotine; however, the benefits are only observed when it leads to permanent cessation.