The quest for a globally comprehensible Russula language
The quest for a globally comprehensible Russula language
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DOI：
10.1007/s13225-019-00437-2
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发表时间：
2019-10-24
期刊：
影响因子：
20.3
通讯作者：
Buyck, Bart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adamcik, Slavomir;Looney, Brian;Buyck, Bart
自2007年以来，红菇属描述的质量有所提高，使用分子支持进行物种界定和发表的新物种数量有所增加。然而，描述风格并不一致，并具有区域或作者特定的模式。大多数最近的出版物仍然倾向于描述孢子，而不是子实层和菌毛层，通常只有孢子的大小提供统计支持。本研究提出红菇属（红菇科，伞菌纲）种的显微结构描述标准。给出了描述模板、模板测量表、专用术语和基本化学试剂。来自11个国家的真菌学家在斯洛伐克的红菇显微镜研讨会上对拟议的标准进行了测试。记述了来自4大洲9个国家的26种植物，其中包括红腹锦鸡儿R. amarissima，R. castanopsidis，R. seperina和R. subtilis重新描述，并引入15个新种：R. abietiphila、冷杉R.阿梅罗雷康迪塔河橙黄拉瓦河针鼹鼠河flavobrunnescens、黄毛苔草R. fluvialis、河福图纳河garyensis，河gemmata，R. laevis，R.马德伦西斯河（R. olivaceohimalayensis、R. purpureogracilis、红毛河（R. sancti-pauli和R. wielangtae。七个候选新物种的描述提供了没有正式的名称分配。将本研究中描述的物种与相关物种的现有类似描述进行成对比较表明，担子虫所有部分的显微特征对于物种识别同样重要，并且它们应该得到相同的处理，包括测量次数和统计数据。大多数最近的研究并没有认识到菌盖边缘和中心之间的差异，但超过三分之一的物种在本研究中描述的菌盖区域之间显示出明显的差异，强调的重要性，以指定pileipelis观察的起源。本研究证明了近缘物种间ITS条形码的差异往往不足，有必要结合生态和地理数据使用更多的遗传标记。
Since 2007, the quality of Russula descriptions has improved and the use of molecular support for species delimitation and the number of published new species has increased. However, the description style is not consistent and has regional or author-specific patterns. Most recent publications still favour descriptions of spores compared to hymenium and pileipellis elements, and usually only the spore size is provided with statistical support. This study proposes standards for descriptions of the microscopic structure of Russula species (Russulaceae, Agaricomycetes). We present the description template, the template measurements table, the specific terminology and the essential chemical reagents. The proposed standards were tested by mycologists from 11 countries who met at the Russula Microscopy Workshop in Slovakia. Descriptions of 26 species from 9 countries and four continents were prepared, among them R. amarissima, R. castanopsidis, R. seperina and R. subtilis are re-described and 15 species are introduced as new: R. abietiphila, R. amerorecondita, R. aurantioflava, R. echidna, R. flavobrunnescens, R. fluvialis, R. fortunae, R. garyensis, R. gemmata, R. laevis, R. madrensis, R. olivaceohimalayensis, R. purpureogracilis, R. sancti-pauli and R. wielangtae. Seven descriptions for candidate new species are provided without a formal name assignment. Pairwise comparison of species described in this study with available similar descriptions of related species suggests that microscopic characters from all parts of the basidiomata can be equally important for species recognition and they deserve the same treatment including number of measurements and statistics. The majority of recent studies does not recognise differences between the pileus margin and centre, but more than one-third of the species described in this study show distinct differences between the pileus areas, emphasizing the importance to specify the origin of pileipellis observations. This study proved that there is frequently insufficient difference in the ITS barcode between closely related species and that it is necessary to use more genetic markers combined with ecological and geographical data.