Flaxseed supplementation (not dietary fat restriction) reduces prostate cancer proliferation rates in men presurgery.
Flaxseed supplementation (not dietary fat restriction) reduces prostate cancer proliferation rates in men presurgery.
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DOI：
10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-0008
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发表时间：
2008-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Vollmer RT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Demark-Wahnefried W;Polascik TJ;George SL;Switzer BR;Madden JF;Ruffin MT 4th;Snyder DC;Owzar K;Hars V;Albala DM;Walther PJ;Robertson CN;Moul JW;Dunn BK;Brenner D;Minasian L;Stella P;Vollmer RT
前列腺癌影响六分之一的男性在他们的一生中。饮食因素被认为会影响前列腺癌的发生和发展。低脂饮食和亚麻籽补充剂可能提供潜在的保护策略。我们进行了一项多中心随机对照试验，以测试低脂和/或亚麻籽补充饮食对前列腺生物学和其他生物标志物的影响。前列腺癌患者（n = 161）在前列腺切除术前至少21天被随机分配到以下组之一：1）对照（常规饮食）; 2）亚麻籽补充饮食（30 g/天）; 2）低脂饮食（<20%总能量）;或4）亚麻籽补充低脂饮食。在基线和手术前抽取血液，分析前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）、性激素结合球蛋白、睾酮、胰岛素样生长因子-1和结合蛋白-3、C反应蛋白、总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇。评估肿瘤的增殖（Ki-67，主要终点）和凋亡。男性平均遵守协议30天。在分配到亚麻籽组的男性中，增殖率显著较低（P <0.002）。Ki-67阳性细胞/总细胞核比值（x100）中位数分别为1.66（亚麻籽补充饲料）和1.50（亚麻籽补充低脂饲料），而对照组为3.23（对照组）和2.56（低脂饲料）。在副作用、细胞凋亡和大多数血清学终点方面，两组之间没有观察到差异;然而，低脂饮食的男性血清胆固醇显著降低（P = 0.048）。研究结果表明，亚麻籽是安全的，并且与可能对前列腺癌有保护作用的生物学改变有关。数据还进一步支持低脂饮食来控制血清胆固醇。
Prostate cancer affects one-out-of-six men during their lifetime. Dietary factors are postulated to influence the development and progression of prostate cancer. Low-fat diets and flaxseed supplementation may offer potentially protective strategies. We undertook a multi-site, randomized controlled trial to test the effects of low-fat and/or flaxseed-supplemented diets on the biology of the prostate and other biomarkers. Prostate cancer patients (n=161) scheduled at least 21 days before prostatectomy were randomly assigned to one of the following arms: 1) control (usual diet); 2) flaxseed-supplemented diet (30 g/day); 2) low-fat diet (<20% total energy); or 4) flaxseed-supplemented, low-fat diet. Blood was drawn at baseline and prior to surgery and analyzed for prostate specific antigen (PSA), sex hormone binding globulin, testosterone, insulin-like growth factor-1 and binding protein-3, c-reactive protein, and total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol. Tumors were assessed for proliferation (Ki-67, the primary endpoint) and apoptosis. Men were on protocol an average of 30 days. Proliferation rates were significantly lower (P < 0.002) among men assigned to the flaxseed arms. Median Ki-67 positive cells/total nuclei ratios (x100) were 1.66 (flaxseed-supplemented diet) and 1.50 (flaxseed-supplemented, low-fat diet) vs. 3.23 (control) and 2.56 (low-fat diet). No differences were observed between arms with regard to side effects, apoptosis, and most serological endpoints; however, men on low-fat diets experienced significant decreases in serum cholesterol (P=0.048). Findings suggest that flaxseed is safe, and associated with biologic alterations that may be protective for prostate cancer. Data also further support low-fat diets to manage serum cholesterol.