The fecal flora of various strains of mice. Its bearing on their susceptibility to endotoxin.
The fecal flora of various strains of mice. Its bearing on their susceptibility to endotoxin.
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DOI：
10.1084/jem.115.6.1149
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发表时间：
1962-06-01
影响因子：
15.3
通讯作者：
DUBOS, R J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
SCHAEDLER, R W;DUBOS, R J
研究了来自7个不同菌落的成年小鼠(a)粪便中可培养细菌的数量和类型；(b)它们对三株革兰氏阴性杆菌制备的内毒素的致死性。在7个菌落中的6个菌落中，粪便中产生了大量各种类型的乳酸杆菌、肠球菌和革兰氏阴性杆菌。这些菌落中的大多数动物在注射内毒素后48小时内死亡。另一个鼠群（NCS）在过去三年里一直在洛克菲勒研究所严格的卫生条件下保存着；它不含多种常见的老鼠病原体。NCS小鼠的粪便菌群产生了大量的活乳杆菌（每克109个），代表了至少三种不同的形态类型。相比之下，它只含有少量肠球菌和革兰氏阴性杆菌（每克少于106个）。此外，大肠杆菌、变形杆菌和假单胞菌在正常情况下无法从粪便中恢复。NCS小鼠被证明对内毒素的致命作用有抵抗力。无论这些动物是被连续地关在铁丝网上的单个笼子里，还是被连续地分组关在有木屑作为垃圾的大笼子里，NCS群体的这些特征都是普遍存在的。然而，细菌菌群的组成可能被各种不相关的干扰迅速而深刻地改变，如环境温度的突然变化、笼子里的拥挤、动物的处理、抗菌药物的使用等。这种变化的第一个影响是乳酸菌数量的显著减少，通常是革兰氏阴性杆菌和肠球菌数量的增加。在这些干扰3周后进行测试时，发现一些NCS动物容易受到内毒素的致命影响。
Adult mice from seven different colonies were studied with regard to (a) the numbers and types of bacteria that could be cultivated from their stools; (b) their resistance to the lethal effect of endotoxins prepared from three strains of Gram-negative bacilli. See PDF for Structure In six of the seven colonies, the stools yielded large numbers of various types of lactobacilli, enterococci, and Gram-negative bacilli. Most animals in these colonies died within 48 hours following injection of endotoxin. The other mouse colony (NCS) has been maintained for the past three years at the Rockefeller Institute under exacting sanitary conditions; it is free of many types of common mouse pathogens. The stool flora of NCS mice yielded very large numbers of viable lactobacilli (109 per gm), representing at least three different morphological types. In contrast, it contained only few enterococci and Gram-negative bacilli (less than 106 per gm). Moreover, E. coli, Proteus sp., and Pseudomonas sp. could not be recovered from the stools under normal conditions. NCS mice proved resistant to the lethal effect of endotoxins. These characteristics of the NCS colony prevailed whether the animals were housed continuously in individual cages on wire grids, or grouped continuously in large cages with wood shavings as litter. However, the composition of the bacterial flora could be rapidly and profoundly altered by a variety of unrelated disturbances such as sudden changes in environmental temperature, crowding in cages, handling of the animals, administration of antibacterial drugs, etc. The first effect of the change was a marked decrease in the numbers of lactobacilli and commonly an increase in the numbers of Gram-negative bacilli and enterococci. When tested 3 weeks after these disturbances some NCS animals were found to have become susceptible to the lethal effects of endotoxin.