Scramble and Contest in Feeding Competition Among Female Long-Tailed Macaques (Macaca Fascicularis)
Scramble and Contest in Feeding Competition Among Female Long-Tailed Macaques (Macaca Fascicularis)
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雌性长尾猕猴（Macaca Fascillaryis）争食竞争中的争夺与较量
DOI：
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发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. P. Schaik
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. A. Noordwijk;C. P. Schaik
以前对群居灵长类动物捕食竞争的大多数研究比较了群体规模范围内的一些平均或群体水平特征。本研究试图分离群体内争夺（“群体规模”效应）和群体内竞争（“优势”效应）对雌性长尾猕猴能量消耗和食物摄入的影响。重要的或持续的争夺和竞争成分被证明是运动和能量消耗，在群体的主要政党中存在，以及出生率。水果和动物性物质的摄取量没有代偿性增加，但分散的植物性物质的摄取量可能有代偿性增加。结果表明，长尾猕猴存在着进食竞争的两种成分，但对食物的竞争往往转化为对安全的竞争。提出了一个将竞争效应的种间差异与食物分配和群体凝聚力联系起来的框架。
Most previous studies of feeding competition in gregarious primates compared some average or group-level characteristic over a range of group sizes. Here an attempt is made to separate the effects of within-group scramble (the "group size" effect) and of within-group contest (the "dominance" effect) on energy expenditure and food intake in female long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Significant or consistent scramble and contest components were demonstrated for locomotion and energy expenditure, for the presence in the main party of the group, and for birth rate. The intake of fruit or animal matter was not increased in compensation, but the intake of dispersed vegetable matter probably was. It is concluded that both components of feeding competition exist in long-tailed macaques, but that contest for food is often transferred into contest for safety. A framework is proposed to relate interspecific variation in contest effects to food distribution and group cohesion.