Response of Gut Microbiota to Fasting and Hibernation in Syrian Hamsters
Response of Gut Microbiota to Fasting and Hibernation in Syrian Hamsters
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.00692-09
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发表时间：
2009-10-15
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Morita, Tatsuya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sonoyama, Kei;Fujiwara, Reiko;Morita, Tatsuya
尽管冬眠哺乳动物在冬眠期间偶尔会醒来进食，但这个时期代表着禁食状态。众所周知，禁食会改变非冬眠哺乳动物的肠道微生物群。因此，冬眠也可能影响肠道微生物群。然而，关于冬眠哺乳动物肠道微生物群的报道却很少。本研究旨在通过不依赖培养物的分析，比较冬眠的叙利亚仓鼠和活跃的叙利亚仓鼠的肠道微生物群。仓鼠被分配到迟钝组、进食活跃组或禁食活跃组。通过在 4 摄氏度保持黑暗，成功诱导冬眠。盲肠细菌的流式细胞术分析表明，96 小时禁食减少了肠道细菌总数。这段时间的禁食还降低了盲肠内容物中短链脂肪酸的浓度。相反，细菌总数和短链脂肪酸浓度不受冬眠的影响。 PCR 扩增的 16S rRNA 基因片段的变性梯度凝胶电泳表明禁食和冬眠调节盲肠微生物群。 16S rRNA 克隆文库和物种特异性实时定量 PCR 分析表明，在活跃和迟钝的仓鼠中，梭菌纲占主导地位，并且粘蛋白降解剂 Akkermansia muciniphila 的数量因禁食而增加，但不因冬眠而增加。从这些结果中，我们得出结论，叙利亚仓鼠的肠道微生物群对禁食和冬眠的反应不同。
Although hibernating mammals wake occasionally to eat during torpor, this period represents a state of fasting. Fasting is known to alter the gut microbiota in nonhibernating mammals; therefore, hibernation may also affect the gut microbiota. However, there are few reports of gut microbiota in hibernating mammals. The present study aimed to compare the gut microbiota in hibernating torpid Syrian hamsters with that in active counterparts by using culture-independent analyses. Hamsters were allocated to either torpid, fed active, or fasted active groups. Hibernation was successfully induced by maintaining darkness at 4 degrees C. Flow cytometry analysis of cecal bacteria showed that 96-h fasting reduced the total gut bacteria. This period of fasting also reduced the concentrations of short chain fatty acids in the cecal contents. In contrast, total bacterial numbers and concentrations of short chain fatty acids were unaffected by hibernation. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene fragments indicated that fasting and hibernation modulated the cecal microbiota. Analysis of 16S rRNA clone library and species-specific real-time quantitative PCR showed that the class Clostridia predominated in both active and torpid hamsters and that populations of Akkermansia muciniphila, a mucin degrader, were increased by fasting but not by hibernation. From these results, we conclude that the gut microbiota responds differently to fasting and hibernation in Syrian hamsters.