Development and Characterization of Skin Phantoms at Microwave Frequencies
Development and Characterization of Skin Phantoms at Microwave Frequencies
复制标题
DOI：
10.1109/jerm.2022.3143374
复制
发表时间：
2022-02-16
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Popovic, Milica
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boparai, Jasmine;Popovic, Milica
在对人类受试者进行任何测试之前，需要逼真的组织模仿幻影来对用于皮肤癌检测的微波反射计原型系统进行实验评估和验证。这些体模必须准确地模拟健康和恶性皮肤组织的介电特性。在这项工作中，我们开发和实验研究多个皮肤幻影与肿瘤夹杂物在0.5-26.5 GHz的频率范围。通过改变肿瘤的大小和相对于皮肤的位置来实现这些异质性幻影。对边界不规则的肿瘤也进行了研究。为了分析底层皮肤对介电性能的影响，两个皮肤厚度被认为是：8毫米和2.5毫米。建议的非均质phantomy开发使用廉价的材料：油，明胶，去离子水和甲醛。用Keysight性能探针和FieldFox手持式矢量网络分析仪对所制备的体模的介电性能进行了表征。我们的研究结果表明，开发的幻影的介电特性密切同意与切除的恶性人体组织在文献中报道的在整个频率范围内的0.5-26.5 GHz，因此可以可靠地用于实验验证的研究对基于微波的皮肤病变的诊断。
Realistic tissue-mimicking phantoms are required for experimental evaluation and validation of microwave reflectometry prototype systems for skin cancer detection before performing any tests on human subjects. These phantoms must accurately emulate the dielectric properties for both healthy and malignant skin tissues. In this work, we develop and experimentally investigate multiple skin phantoms with tumor inclusions in the frequency range of 0.5-26.5 GHz. These heterogeneous phantoms are realized by varying the tumor size and placement relative to the skin. The tumors with irregular borders are also investigated. For analyzing the effect of underlying skin on dielectric properties, two skin thicknesses are considered: 8 mm and 2.5 mm. The proposed heterogeneous phantoms are developed using inexpensive materials: oil, gelatin, deionized water and formaldehyde. The dielectric properties of fabricated phantoms are characterized with Keysight performance probe connected with a FieldFox handheld vector network analyzer. Our results demonstrate that the dielectric properties of the developed phantoms closely agree with those of the excised malignant human tissues reported in the literature over the entire frequency range of 0.5-26.5 GHz and can be hence reliably used for experimental validation in studies towards microwave-based diagnostics of skin lesions.