Cerebellar Lingula Size and Experiential Risk Factors Associated with High Levels of Alcohol and Drug Use in Young Adults
Cerebellar Lingula Size and Experiential Risk Factors Associated with High Levels of Alcohol and Drug Use in Young Adults
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DOI：
10.1007/s12311-009-0141-5
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Teicher, Martin H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson, Carl M.;Rabi, Keren;Teicher, Martin H.
以前的研究报道了小脑异常或静态共济失调与长期使用酒精和药物的风险相关。不良的童年经历是日后滥用药物的另一个重要风险因素。因此，我们试图确定小脑前蚓舌（小叶I）的形态表型与暴露于情绪（EM）或身体（PM）虐待之间的关系，以及持续饮酒或吸毒的程度。研究设计包括一项横断面体内神经影像学研究，利用虐待史的回顾性评估和酒精和物质使用的自我报告。研究参与者从1402名18-25岁的社区参与者数据库中选择153名受试者（54名M/99F， 21.9 +/- 2.2岁）进行影像学检查，他们完成了详细的在线筛查工具，并符合严格的纳入/排除标准。受试者仅遭受身体虐待或严厉体罚（HCP组，PM组，n = 37）和父母言语虐待和/或目睹家庭暴力（EM组，n = 58），或无虐待史或I轴障碍（n = 58）。主要结果测量包括人工追踪测量的第一小叶灰质体积、饮酒期间饮用酒精饮料的数量和类型、每月饮酒次数、每月药物使用情况以及药物和酒精滥用的家族史。舌厚不因酒精使用或虐待史而减弱。然而，增加的舌厚与更多的药物和烈性酒的消费有关，特别是在身体虐待的受试者中，他们饮酒的频率分别是对照组或EM受试者的2.5倍和2.7倍，吸毒的频率分别是6.1倍和7.8倍。总之，观察到身体虐待与小脑形态相互作用，导致与酒精和物质使用密切相关。舌壁厚度可能是酒精和药物使用增加的一种新的、经验上敏感的表型危险因素，它可能调节对这些药物的敏感性。
Previous studies have reported cerebellar abnormalities or static ataxia associated with risk for chronic use of alcohol and drugs. Adverse childhood experience is another strong risk factor for later substance abuse. We therefore sought to ascertain the relationship between morphological phenotypes of the lingula (lobule I) of the anterior cerebellar vermis, and exposure to emotional (EM) versus physical (PM) maltreatment, on the degree of ongoing alcohol or drug use. The study design consisted of a cross-sectional in vivo neuroimaging study, utilizing retrospective assessment of maltreatment history and self-reports of alcohol and substance use. Study participants were 153 subjects (54 M/99F, 21.9 +/- 2.2 years) selected for imaging from a database of 1,402 community participants 18-25 years of age, who completed a detailed online screening instrument and met rigorous inclusion/exclusion criteria. Subjects were exposed to only physical abuse or harsh corporal punishment (HCP; PM group, n = 37) and parental verbal abuse and/or witnessing domestic violence (EM group, n = 58) or had no history of maltreatment or axis I disorders (n = 58). The main outcome measures consisted of the gray matter volume of lobule I as measured by manual tracing, number and type of alcoholic beverages consumed during a drinking session, number of sessions per month, and monthly drug use, along with family history of drug and alcohol abuse. Lingula thickness was not attenuated by alcohol use or maltreatment history. However, increased lingula thickness was associated with greater consumption of drugs and hard liquor, particularly in physically maltreated subjects who consumed 2.5- and 2.7-fold more alcohol and used drugs 6.1- and 7.8-fold more frequently than controls or EM subjects, respectively. In conclusion, physical maltreatment was observed to interact with cerebellar morphology resulting in a strong association with alcohol and substance use. Lingula thickness may represent a novel, experientially sensitive, phenotypic risk factor for enhanced alcohol and drug use that perhaps modulates sensitivity to these agents.