Future Observations of Cosmic Magnetic Fields with LOFAR, SKA and Its Precursors

Future Observations of Cosmic Magnetic Fields with LOFAR, SKA and Its Precursors
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未来利用 LOFAR、SKA 及其前体对宇宙磁场进行观测

DOI:
10.1007/978-3-662-44625-6_1
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2015
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即将到来的大型射电望远镜的极化观测将开启磁场观测的新时代,并有助于了解它们的起源。利用新的低频阵列(LOFAR)和计划中的平方公里阵列(SKA)观测到的来自银河系、星系和星系团的低频无线电同步辐射,追踪了低能宇宙射线电子,并使我们能够绘制星系外围区域和晕区、晕区和星系团遗迹以及银河系中的弱磁场结构。SKA及其前身——澳大利亚SKA探路者(ASKAP)和南非MeerKAT望远镜将观测到更高频率(1-10 GHz)的偏振,它们将以前所未有的细节追踪星系盘和中心区域以及星系团遗迹中的磁场。利用ASKAP (POSSUM项目)和SKA对极化背景源密集网格的法拉第旋转测量进行全天巡天,致力于测量中间星系、星系团和星系间细丝的磁场,并将用于模拟银河系磁场的整体结构和强度。宇宙磁学是LOFAR、ASKAP和SKA的“关键科学”。
Polarization observations with the forthcoming large radio telescopes will open a new era in the observation of magnetic fields and should help to understand their origin. Low-frequency radio synchrotron emission from the Milky Way, galaxies and galaxy clusters, observed with the new Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) and the planned Square Kilometre Array (SKA), traces low-energy cosmic ray electrons and allows us to map the structure of weak magnetic fields in the outer regions and halos of galaxies, in halos and relics of clusters and in the Milky Way. Polarization at higher frequencies (1–10 GHz), to be observed with the SKA and its precursors Australia SKA Pathfinder (ASKAP) and the South African MeerKAT telescopes, will trace magnetic fields in the disks and central regions of galaxies and in cluster relics in unprecedented detail. All-sky surveys of Faraday rotation measures towards a dense grid of polarized background sources with ASKAP (project POSSUM) and the SKA are dedicated to measure magnetic fields in intervening galaxies, clusters and intergalactic filaments, and will be used to model the overall structure and strength of magnetic fields in the Milky Way. Cosmic magnetism is “key science” for LOFAR, ASKAP and the SKA.
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