A structural overview of mycobacterial adhesins: Key biomarkers for diagnostics and therapeutics.
A structural overview of mycobacterial adhesins: Key biomarkers for diagnostics and therapeutics.
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分枝杆菌粘附素的结构概述：诊断和治疗的关键生物标志物。
DOI：
10.1002/pro.3346
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Squeglia F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Squeglia F
分枝杆菌在宿主细胞中的粘附、定植和存活需要表面粘附素，这是有吸引力的药物治疗靶点。在分枝杆菌中发现了大量的菌毛和非菌毛粘附素。这些粘附素能够与宿主细胞（包括巨噬细胞和上皮细胞）相互作用，对微生物的发病机制至关重要。在过去的十年中，已经阐明了分枝杆菌粘附素的几种结构，这些结构负责粘附巨噬细胞或细胞外基质蛋白。此外，还发现了由肝素结合血凝素（HBHA）介导的分枝杆菌粘附上皮细胞过程的关键结构和功能信息。在这篇综述中，我们概述了分枝杆菌粘附素的结构和功能特征，并讨论了它们作为诊断和治疗的重要生物标志物的作用。根据报道的数据，很明显，粘附素被赋予了多种不同的结构和功能。大多数黏附素在分枝杆菌的细胞寿命中起着重要作用，是关键的毒力因子。然而，它们已经适应了细胞外生活，在宿主-病原体相互作用中发挥作用。它们与宿主和参与结合的粘附素区域形成的相互作用的类型是部分已知的，并在本综述中进行了描述。
Adherence, colonization, and survival of mycobacteria in host cells require surface adhesins, which are attractive pharmacotherapeutic targets. A large arsenal of pilus and non‐pilus adhesins have been identified in mycobacteria. These adhesins are capable of interacting with host cells, including macrophages and epithelial cells and are essential to microbial pathogenesis. In the last decade, several structures of mycobacterial adhesins responsible for adhesion to either macrophages or extra cellular matrix proteins have been elucidated. In addition, key structural and functional information have emerged for the process of mycobacterial adhesion to epithelial cells, mediated by the Heparin‐binding hemagglutinin (HBHA). In this review, we provide an overview of the structural and functional features of mycobacterial adhesins and discuss their role as important biomarkers for diagnostics and therapeutics. Based on the reported data, it appears clear that adhesins are endowed with a variety of different structures and functions. Most adhesins play important roles in the cell life of mycobacteria and are key virulence factors. However, they have adapted to an extracellular life to exert a role in host‐pathogen interaction. The type of interactions they form with the host and the adhesin regions involved in binding is partly known and is described in this review.