Swimming Ability of Notonectidae (Hemiptera)
Swimming Ability of Notonectidae (Hemiptera)
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蝽科（半翅目）的游泳能力
DOI：
10.1155/1976/161072
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发表时间：
1976
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Gittelman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Gittelman
在早期的论文中，我（Gittelman 1974）研究了前肢大小和后肢杠杆系统对猎物捕获和游泳的适应性。目前，康涅狄格州Notonecta 4种逆流游泳的能力进行了研究，作为测试的预测产生的早期工作。为了研究腿部力学，我们将腿或腿段（股骨、胫骨和跗骨）示意性地表示为一个简单的杠杆，其支点位于其与其所连接的结构之间的关节处。力（Fm）施加在近端的肌肉插入处，杠杆臂是从支点到施加力的位置的距离（Rf），合力（Fr）是杠杆在远离支点的任何给定距离（R 2）处做功（游泳时压水）所产生的力，与肌肉力的关系如下：
In an earlier paper, I (Gittelman 1974) studied adaptations of fore-leg size and hind-leg lever systems for prey capture and swimming. Presently, the ability of 4 species of Connecticut Notonecta to swim against a current is studied as a test of predictions generated by this earlier work. To study leg mechanics we will schematically represent a leg or leg segment (femur, tibia, and tarsus) as a simple lever with the fulcrum at the articulation between it and the structure on which it articulates. Force (Fm ) is applied at the muscle insertions at the proximal end and the lever arm is the distance (Rf) from the fulcrum to where the force is applied, the resultant force (Fr) is the force generated by the lever to do work (press against water while swimming) at any given distance (R 2 ) away from the fulcrum and is related to the muscular force as follows: