Spread-spectrum watermarking of audio signals
Spread-spectrum watermarking of audio signals
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DOI：
10.1109/tsp.2003.809384
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发表时间：
2003-04-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Malvar, HS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kirovski, D;Malvar, HS
数字水印技术已成为广泛的多媒体版权保护应用的一种选择技术。水印还被用来以一种对普通编辑健壮的方式在音频/视频信号中嵌入与格式无关的元数据。本文提出了几种新的音频信号中直接序列扩频水印的有效编码和检测机制。所开发的技术旨在。I)改善检测的收敛和稳健性，ii)改善水印的不可感知性，iii)防止去同步攻击，iv)减轻估计/移除攻击，以及最后v)在公共音频信道上建立秘密通信。我们探讨了所开发的机制的安全含义，并在一个基准测试套件上评估了水印的稳健性，该基准测试套件包括音频处理基元的组合，包括：使用WOW-AND-FILTH进行时间和频率缩放、加性和乘性噪声、重采样、重量化、降噪和滤波。
Watermarking has become a technology of choice for abroad range of multimedia copyright protection applications. Watermarks have also been used to embed format-independent metadata in audio/video signals in a way that is robust to common editing. In this paper, we present several novel mechanisms for effective encoding and detection of direct-sequence spread-spectrum watermarks in audio signals. The developed techniques aim at. i) improving detection convergence and robustness, ii) improving watermark imperceptiveness, iii) preventing desynchronization attacks, iv) alleviating estimation/removal attacks, and finally, v), establishing covert communication over a public audio channel. We explore the security implications of the developed mechanisms and review watermark robustness on a benchmark suite that includes a combination of audio processing primitives including: time- and frequency-scaling with wow-and-flutter, additive and multiplicative noise, resampling, requantization, noise reduction, and filtering.