Histology of epiphyseal cartilage calcification and endochondral ossification.
Histology of epiphyseal cartilage calcification and endochondral ossification.
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DOI：
10.2741/526
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Amizuka;Tomoka Hasegawa;Kimimitsu Oda;Paulo Henrique Luiz de Freitas;K. Hoshi;Minqi Li;H. Ozawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Amizuka;Tomoka Hasegawa;Kimimitsu Oda;Paulo Henrique Luiz de Freitas;K. Hoshi;Minqi Li;H. Ozawa
软骨钙化是由软骨细胞进行的，因为它们肥大并开始分泌基质囊泡。钙化开始于磷酸钙出现在这些基质囊泡内，形成羟基磷灰石晶体，最终冲破膜形成钙化小球，就像骨钙化一样。然而，软骨的细胞外环境与骨不同：软骨富含蛋白聚糖，但含有少量骨桥蛋白。增生性软骨细胞仅在柱间隔膜的软骨基质中分泌囊泡，形成钙化良好的纵向隔膜和钙化较差的横向隔膜。这种囊泡沉积模式允许内皮细胞侵入软骨，并诱导成骨细胞和破骨细胞的迁移。破骨细胞吸收隔板中过量的钙化小球，形成与长骨纵轴平行的钙化软骨核心。在这些钙化的软骨核心形成后，软骨内成骨包括一系列明确的事件，其中成骨细胞将新骨沉积到软骨核心并形成初级骨小梁。本文综述了骨骺软骨钙化和软骨内成骨的组织学。
Cartilage calcification is carried out by chondrocytes as they hypertrophy and begin to secrete matrix vesicles. Calcification initiates when calcium phosphates appear inside these matrix vesicles, forming hydroxyapatite crystals that eventually break through the membrane to form calcifying globules, as in bone calcification. However, the extracellular environment in cartilage is different from that in bone: cartilage is abundant in proteoglycans but contains a small amount of osteopontin. Hypertrophic chondrocytes secrete vesicles in the cartilaginous matrix of intercolumnar septae only, forming well-calcified longitudinal septae and poorly-calcified transverse partitions. Such pattern of vesicle deposition permits the invasion of endothelial cells, which infiltrate into cartilage and induce migration of osteogenic and osteoclastic cells. Osteoclasts resorb the excess of calcified globules in the partitions, shaping calcified cartilage cores paralleling the longitudinal axis of long bones. After the formation of these calcified cartilage cores, endochondral ossification involves a series of well-defined events in which osteogenic cells deposit new bone onto the cartilage core and form primary trabecules. This review presents the histology of epiphyseal cartilage calcification and endochondral ossification.