Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) health components:: from the seed to the consumer
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) health components:: from the seed to the consumer
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DOI：
10.1007/s11101-007-9085-x
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Papadopoulos, Athanasios P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dorais, Martine;Ehret, David L.;Papadopoulos, Athanasios P.
人们普遍认为，健康的饮食是预防慢性病、改善能量平衡和体重管理的重要因素。研究表明，番茄消费量与某些类型的癌症，心血管疾病和年龄相关性黄斑变性的风险之间存在强烈的负相关性。由于番茄是世界上仅次于马铃薯的第二大蔬菜，这种园艺作物由于矿物质和抗氧化剂的平衡混合物，包括维生素C和E，番茄红素，β-胡萝卜素，叶黄素和类黄酮如槲皮素，构成了促进健康化合物的极好来源。番茄中植物营养素的改善可以通过品种选择、环境因素、农艺措施、收获时的成熟阶段以及从田间到消费者的适当处理和调节来实现。本文的目的是回顾最近的文献的主要因素，可以提高番茄的营养品质，从而在人类饮食中的有益作用。首先概述了基因型选择和优化环境条件（光，温度，湿度，大气CO2和空气污染物）以获得高营养价值的重要性，其次是优化农业实践（土壤特性，水质，矿物质营养，盐度，嫁接，修剪，生长系统，生长促进剂，成熟度，机械和虫害）。该审查的结论是确定了未来研究的几个前景，如番茄营养价值的建模和基因工程。
It is widely accepted that a healthy diet is an important factor in preventing chronic diseases, and in improving energy balance and weight management. Studies have shown strong inverse correlations between tomato consumption and the risk of certain types of cancer, cardiovascular diseases and age-related macular degeneration. Because tomato is the second-most important vegetable in the world after potato, this horticultural crop constitutes an excellent source of health-promoting compounds due to the balanced mixture of minerals and antioxidants including vitamins C and E, lycopene, beta-carotene, lutein and flavonoids such as quercetin. Improvement in phytonutrients in tomatoes can be achieved by cultivar selection, environmental factors, agronomic practices, stage of ripeness at harvest, and appropriate handling and conditioning all the way from the field to the consumer. The purpose of this paper is to review the recent literature of the main factors that can improve the nutritional quality of tomato and consequently their beneficial role in human diet. The importance of genotype selection and the optimization of environmental conditions (light, temperature, humidity, atmospheric CO2 and air pollutants) for high nutritional value is outlined first, followed by the optimization of agricultural practices (soil properties, water quality, mineral nutrition, salinity, grafting, pruning, growing systems, growth promoters, maturity, and mechanical and pest injuries). The review concludes by identifying several prospects for future research such as modelling and genetic engineering of the nutritional value of tomato.