The amphioxus (Branchiostoma floridae) genome contains a highly diversified set of G protein-coupled receptors.
The amphioxus (Branchiostoma floridae) genome contains a highly diversified set of G protein-coupled receptors.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2148-8-9
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发表时间：
2008-01-16
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Schiöth HB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nordström KJ;Fredriksson R;Schiöth HB
G蛋白偶联受体（GPCR）是哺乳动物中最大的基因家族之一。文昌鱼（Branchiostoma floridae）是与脊椎动物关系最密切的物种之一。文昌鱼基因组的挖掘和系统发育分析显示，存在至少664个不同的GPCR，分布在所有主要的GPCR家族中;谷氨酸（18），视紫红质（570），粘附（37），卷曲（6）和分泌蛋白（16）。令人惊讶的是，在文昌鱼的粘附GPCR库包括受体与许多新的结构域，以前没有观察到在这个家庭。我们发现了来自所有主要群组的许多视紫红质GPCR，包括许多胺和肽结合受体，并且还鉴定了几种以前未表征的扩展。然而，该基因组没有编码苦味受体（TAS 2）、甜味和鲜味（TAS 1）、信息素（VR 1或VR 2）或哺乳动物嗅觉受体的基因。文昌鱼的基因组中含有丰富的GPCR亚型，而其他双侧物种中已知的主要的感受外源物质的GPCR组（如味觉2、哺乳动物嗅觉、线虫化学感受、味觉、犁鼻和气味受体）却不存在。
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are one of the largest families of genes in mammals. Branchiostoma floridae (amphioxus) is one of the species most closely related species to vertebrates. Mining and phylogenetic analysis of the amphioxus genome showed the presence of at least 664 distinct GPCRs distributed among all the main families of GPCRs; Glutamate (18), Rhodopsin (570), Adhesion (37), Frizzled (6) and Secretin (16). Surprisingly, the Adhesion GPCR repertoire in amphioxus includes receptors with many new domains not previously observed in this family. We found many Rhodopsin GPCRs from all main groups including many amine and peptide binding receptors and several previously uncharacterized expansions were also identified. This genome has however no genes coding for bitter taste receptors (TAS2), the sweet and umami (TAS1), pheromone (VR1 or VR2) or mammalian olfactory receptors. The amphioxus genome is remarkably rich in various GPCR subtypes while the main GPCR groups known to sense exogenous substances (such as Taste 2, mammalian olfactory, nematode chemosensory, gustatory, vomeronasal and odorant receptors) in other bilateral species are absent.