The mammary gland in mammalian evolution: A brief commentary on some of the concepts
The mammary gland in mammalian evolution: A brief commentary on some of the concepts
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1022860902083
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发表时间：
2002-07-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Peaker, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peaker, M
目前的想法是强调乳腺和哺乳过程在哺乳动物进化成功中的作用，而不是牛奶的营养和抗菌特性所提供的选择优势。母体和幼崽之间长时间的接触是有规律和频繁的乳汁传递所必需的，这是灵长类动物繁殖策略和灵长类动物生活模式的特点，有人认为这可以为后代提供更多学习的机会，并最终发展出“高等”灵长类动物的智力水平。除了在怀孕期间或行为相互作用中发生的影响外，哺乳还为母亲对后代的发育和最终表型的影响提供了机会。哺乳伴随着高代谢成本，这表现在亲子冲突中，并且已经进化出特殊的生理适应，使幼崽的奶供应与需求相匹配。
Current thinking is highlighting the mammary glands and the process of lactation in the evolutionary success of mammals over and above the selective advantages provided by the nutritional and antimicrobial properties of milk. The extended period of contact between mothers and their young, necessitated by the regular and frequent transfer of milk, particularly characteristic of the primate strategy of reproduction and the primate mode of life, has been suggested to afford the offspring the opportunity for more learning and the eventual development of the levels of intelligence present in "higher" primates. Lactation offers the opportunity for maternal effects on development and the eventual phenotype of the offspring in addition to those that occur during pregnancy or from behavioral interactions. Lactation comes with high metabolic costs, which are manifested in parent-offspring conflict, and special physiological adaptations have evolved which match milk supply to demand by the young.