REDUCING AN INTELLECTUAL DEFICIT: COALESCENT THEORY FOR (ALMOST) EVERYONE1
REDUCING AN INTELLECTUAL DEFICIT: COALESCENT THEORY FOR (ALMOST) EVERYONE1
复制标题
减少智力缺陷：适用于（几乎）所有人的凝聚理论1
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Nielsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Nielsen
在过去的20年里，分子数据的可获得性从根本上改变了进化生物学领域。分子进化和分子生态学现在是独立的科学领域，分子标记被应用于从系统发育到保护生物学的进化生物学的各个角落。随着这些领域变得更加面向分子数据，对分析此类数据的新方法的需求出现了。这些方法大多基于联合理论，这是J.Hein、M.H.Schierup和C.Wiuf的新书《基因系谱、变异和进化》的主题。联合理论在种群遗传模型和分子数据之间架起了一座桥梁。它描述了人口统计学、重组和其他因素如何影响基因树的形状，并提供了从分子群体遗传数据进行统计推断的工具。在系统发育学中理解为什么基因树可能不同于物种树，在保护生物学中理解有效种群规模和普查种群规模之间的关系，以及在分子生态学中理解几乎所有的东西，联合理论是必要的。掌握聚合论的基本知识应该对任何进化生物学家都有很大的帮助，也是种群遗传学或分子生态学研究人员和学生的必修课。不幸的是，生物学家在很大程度上无法接触到关于结合理论的大量文献。哈德森(1990)的开创性评论一直是最常用的介绍，但今天它既不够全面，也不是最新的。人们迫切需要一本向生物学家介绍联合理论的好书。基因系谱、变异和进化填补了这一重要空白。它提供了合并理论的基本介绍，并深入讨论了许多主题，包括复合效应和连锁不平衡(LD)。与大多数学术书籍一样，《基因系谱、变异和进化》最关注作者做出最大研究贡献的领域。在这种情况下，这是一件好事，因为作者参与了一系列非常令人兴奋的研究。在前两个介绍性章节之后，本书在树拓扑一章中涵盖了一些更高级的材料。此后，有两章讨论了各种人口模型、选择和重组的影响。下一章简要概述了使用合并理论从数据进行推断的方法，本书的最后两章涵盖了更多关于LD映射和人类进化的专门材料。关注这两个领域-
The availability of molecular data has fundamentally changed the field of evolutionary biology over the past 20 years. Molecular evolution and molecular ecology are now independent scientific fields, and molecular markers are used in every corner of evolutionary biology from phylogenetics to conservation biology. As these fields became more oriented toward molecular data, the need for new methods for analyzing such data arose. Most of these methods are based on coalescent theory, the topic of a new book, Gene Genealogies, Variation and Evolution, by J. Hein, M. H. Schierup and C. Wiuf. Coalescent theory provides a bridge between population genetic models and molecular data. It describes how demography, recombination, and other factors affect the shape of gene trees and provides tools for making statistical inferences from molecular population genetic data. Coalescent theory is necessary in phylogenetics to understand why gene trees may differ from species trees, in conservation biology to understand the relationship between effective population size and census population size, and in molecular ecology to understand almost anything at all. Acquiring a basic knowledge of coalescent theory should be a great help to any evolutionary biologist, and it is a must for researchers and students in population genetics or molecular ecology. Unfortunately, the voluminous literature on coalescent theory has been largely inaccessible to biologists. Hudson’s (1990) seminal review has been the most commonly used introduction, but today it is neither comprehensive enough nor is it up to date. There has been a dire need for a good book introducing coalescent theory to biologists. Gene Genealogies, Variation and Evolution fills this important gap. It provides a basic introduction to coalescent theory and goes in depth with many topics including the effect of recombination and linkage disequilibrium (LD). As is the case with most scholarly books, Gene Genealogies, Variation and Evolution provides most focus on the areas in which the authors have made most of their research contributions. In this case, that is a good thing, because the authors have been involved in a diverse array of very exciting research. After the first two introductory chapters, the book covers some more advanced material in a chapter on tree topologies. Thereafter follow two chapters on the effects of various demographic models, selection, and recombination. The next chapter briefly outlines methods for making inferences from data using coalescent theory, and the two last chapters of the book cover more specialized material on LD mapping and human evolution. Focusing on these two spe-