Examining learning from text and pictures for different task types: Does the multimedia effect differ for conceptual, causal, and procedural tasks?
Examining learning from text and pictures for different task types: Does the multimedia effect differ for conceptual, causal, and procedural tasks?
复制标题
检查不同任务类型的文本和图片学习：对于概念性任务、因果性任务和程序性任务，多媒体效果是否不同？
DOI：
10.1016/j.chb.2012.06.028
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
9.9
通讯作者：
Anne Schüler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. V. Genuchten;K. Scheiter;Anne Schüler
多媒体效应是一个在学习和教学领域被广泛研究的效应。在本文中，比较了解释ME的两种观点。结果导向的观点关注文本和图片对心理表征的有利作用，而过程导向的观点关注文本和图片对信息加工的有利作用。为了对比这些视图，我们比较了不同任务类型的ME大小（即，概念性、因果性、程序性任务）。结果导向的观点预测ME大小没有差异，而过程导向的观点预测ME在因果任务中最大，在程序任务中较小，在概念任务中最小。65名学生只学习课文或课文加图片。任务类型和信息源（即文本、图片还是文本和图片提供测试后问题的答案）在受试者中各不相同。结果表明，与面向过程的观点一致，概念性任务的ME比程序性任务的ME要小。与预期相反，程序性任务的ME大于因果性任务。此外，结果的模式随信息源的不同而不同。本文描述了研究和实际意义，以便最佳地部署图片。
The multimedia effect (ME) is a well-researched effect in the field of learning and instruction. In this article, two views that explain the ME are compared. The outcome-oriented view focuses on the beneficial effect of text and pictures on mental representations, whereas the process-oriented view focuses on the beneficial effect of text and pictures for information processing. To contrast these views, the ME sizes for different task types were compared (i.e., conceptual, causal, procedural tasks). Whereas the outcome-oriented view predicts no differences in ME size, the process-oriented view predicts that the ME is largest in causal tasks, smaller in procedural tasks, and smallest in conceptual tasks. Sixty-five students learnt with text only or with text and pictures. Task type and information source (i.e., whether the text, picture, or text and picture provided the answer to a post-test question) were varied within subjects. The results showed that, in line with the process-oriented view, the ME was smaller for conceptual tasks than for procedural tasks. Contrary to the expectations, the ME was larger in procedural tasks than in causal tasks. Moreover, the pattern of results varied with information source. Research and practical implications are described, so that pictures can be deployed optimally.