Addressing societal challenges through nature-based solutions: How can landscape planning and governance research contribute?
Addressing societal challenges through nature-based solutions: How can landscape planning and governance research contribute?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.10.003
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Matzdorf, Bettina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Albert, Christian;Schroeter, Barbara;Matzdorf, Bettina
河流景观中基于自然的解决方案（NBS），如恢复洪泛区，不仅可以降低下游社区的洪水风险，还可以在为许多物种创造栖息地和加强提供多样化生态系统服务方面提供共同利益。本文以德国拉恩河景观中与水有关的挑战为例，探讨景观规划和治理研究如何有助于国家景观系统的识别、设计和实施。其目标是（i）介绍NBS的概念，并提供一个简明的定义，在规划研究中的应用，（ii）探讨景观规划和治理研究如何支持有针对性的使用和实施NBS，（iii）提出一个议程，进一步的研究和实践实验。我们的方法包括重点文献综述和概念框架的发展。我们将NBS定义为缓解明确定义的社会挑战（挑战导向），采用空间，蓝色和绿色基础设施网络的生态系统过程（生态系统过程利用），并嵌入可行的治理或商业模式中实施（实际可行性）的行动。我们的概念框架说明了NBS在社会生态景观系统中的功能，并强调了景观规划和治理研究在发展和实施NBS的互补性贡献。最后，提出了一个研究和实验议程，侧重于NBS的有效性，有用的方法，知情的NBS的共同设计的知识差距，并选择实施。本文的观点可以指导进一步的研究，并支持在实践中测试的NBS概念。
Nature-based solutions (NBS) in river landscapes, such as restoring floodplains, can not only decrease flood risks for downstream communities but also provide co-benefits in terms of habitat creation for numerous species and enhanced delivery of diverse ecosystem services. This paper aims to explore how landscape planning and governance research can contribute to the identification, design and implementation of NBS, using the example of water-related challenges in the landscape of the Lahn river in Germany. The objectives are (i) to introduce the NBS concept and to provide a concise definition for application in planning research, (ii) to explore how landscape planning and governance research might support a targeted use and implementation of NBS, and (iii) to propose an agenda for further research and practical experimentation. Our methods include a focused literature review and conceptual framework development. We define NBS as actions that alleviate a well-defined societal challenge (challenge-orientation), employ ecosystem processes of spatial, blue and green infrastructure networks (ecosystem processes utilization), and are embedded within viable governance or business models for implementation (practical viability). Our conceptual framework illustrates the functions of NBS in social-ecological landscape systems, and highlights the complementary contributions of landscape planning and governance research in developing and implementing NBS. Finally, a research and experimentation agenda is proposed, focusing on knowledge gaps in the effectiveness of NBS, useful approaches for informed co-design of NBS, and options for implementation. Insights from this paper can guide further studies and support testing of the NBS concept in practice.