Ecological Notes of the Fishes and the Interspecific Relations among Them in Lake Biwa
Ecological Notes of the Fishes and the Interspecific Relations among Them in Lake Biwa
复制标题
琵琶湖鱼类的生态记录及其种间关系
DOI：
10.3739/rikusui.27.49
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发表时间：
1966
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Miura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Miura
生物学家对琵琶湖很感兴趣，特别是鱼类学家，因为湖中鱼类区系的丰富性和多样性以及它们的多样性来源。因此，在鱼类的分类学研究方面发表了大量的论文。然而，鱼类的生态学研究一直很差。随着人类社会的发展，特别是工农业的发展，淡水环境和陆地环境都发生了实际的变化。琵琶湖也不例外。最近，建设部正计划在湖的南北两个流域之间建一座水坝，把水从北流域抽到南流域，以保持对出口河流的连续供水。通过这样的方案，两个流域将几乎断开，北部流域的水位预计将降低。可以预见，改造将影响湖泊的生物生产，因此，预测改造将如何影响有机生产，并提出改造方案，以造福当地人民，特别是渔民，是非常重要的。因此，包括生物学家、物理学家、化学家和农业经济学家在内的大约60名科学家组成了一个合作研究小组，从1962年到1965年对该湖的生物资源进行了调查。通过这次调查，对一些鱼类进行了深入的生态研究。本文首先介绍了鱼类的产卵、栖息、摄食和生长等生态要素，以及其他一些生态学著作的介绍。其次，通过生态学的比较，
Lake Biwa has been much interested by biologists, specially by ichthiologists because of the richness and variety of the lake fish fauna and of their diverse origin. Therefore, a good number of papers on taxonomic researches of the fishes have been published. However ecological studies of the fishes have been poorly made. Freshwater environments as well as terrestrial ones have been practically reformed, accompanied with development of human society and specially of industries and agriculture. Lake Biwa is also not an exception. Recently the ministry of construction is planning to construct a dam between the north basin and the south basin of the lake, and to pump up water from the north basin to the south one for the purpose of holding a continuous water supply to the outlet river. By such programme the two basins will nearly be disconnected and the water level of the north basin is often expected to be lowered. It can be easily expected that production of the organisms in the lake will be affected by the reformation, so that it 'is important to predict how the organic production will be affected, and to propose how the programme should be made in order to benefit the local people, especially the fishermen. Thus, about sixty scientists including biologists, physicists, chemists and agricultural economists had formed a co-operative research team and have investigated the biotic resources of the lake from 1962 to 1965. Through this investigation ecological studies of some of the fish species have been intensively made. This paper presents, in the first place, descriptions of ecological elements of the fishes including spawning, habitat, feeding and growth etc., and introductions of some other ecological works. Secondly, by comparison of their ecologies,