A longitudinal study of medication exposure and xerostomia among older people.
A longitudinal study of medication exposure and xerostomia among older people.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1741-2358.2006.00135.x
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发表时间：
2006-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Carter, Knute D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murray Thomson, W;Chalmers, Jane M;Carter, Knute D
目的：描述6年以上老年人口干症的发病率，特别注意药物作为危险因素。背景：了解口干症的自然史需要纵向流行病学研究，但只有一项研究调查了口干症随时间的变化。虽然药物是公认的口干风险因素，但特定药物类别的作用仍然存在争议。材料和方法：老年南澳大利亚人（60岁以上）在基线时接受面谈和牙科检查，并在2、5和11年后重复这些评估。在基线、5年和11年收集药物数据。使用口干量表（XI）和标准问题收集5岁和11岁时的口干数据。结果：在基线评估的1205名有牙齿的参与者中，5年后有669人留下来，11年后有246人被评估。药物使用率在观察期间有所增加，94.8%的队列在11年期间至少服用一种药物。5 ~ 11岁间，口干患病率从21.4%增加到24.8% (p < 0.05)，平均XI评分从20.0 （SD, 6.7）增加到21.5 （SD, 7.9, p < 0.001）。约14.7%的参与者为偶发性口干症，11.4%为缓解性口干症；10.1%为5岁和11岁病例。在控制了性别和“基线”口干严重程度（由5年的XI评分表示）后，5年后开始每天服用阿司匹林的参与者成为事件病例的几率超过4倍，而5年后开始服用利尿剂的参与者的几率几乎是6倍。结论：在观察期间，虽然口干症的总体患病率有所增加，但存在相当大的不稳定性，四分之一的队列改变了其状态。药物暴露与该病的发病率密切相关，近期暴露于利尿剂或每日服用阿司匹林强烈预测该病的发病率。
OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence of xerostomia among a population of older people over a 6-year period, with particular attention to medications as risk factors.BACKGROUND: Understanding the natural history of xerostomia requires longitudinal epidemiological research, but only one study has examined changes in xerostomia over time. While medication is a recognised risk factor for dry mouth, the role of particular medication categories continues to be controversial.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Older South Australians (aged 60+) underwent an interview and dental examination at baseline, and these assessments were repeated 2, 5 and 11 years afterward. Medication data were collected at baseline, 5 and 11 years. Xerostomia data were collected at 5 and 11 years using the Xerostomia Inventory (XI) and a standard question.RESULTS: Of the 1205 dentate participants assessed at baseline, 669 remained after 5 years, and 246 were assessed at 11 years. Medication prevalence increased over the observation period, such that 94.8% of the cohort were taking at least one medication by 11 years. The prevalence of xerostomia increased from 21.4% to 24.8% between 5 and 11 years (p > 0.05), and the mean XI score increased from 20.0 (SD, 6.7) to 21.5 (SD, 7.9; p < 0.001). Some 14.7% of participants were incident cases of xerostomia, while 11.4% were remitted cases; 10.1% were cases at both 5 and 11 years. After controlling for gender and 'baseline' xerostomia severity (represented by the XI score at 5 years), participants who commenced taking daily aspirin after 5 years had over four times the odds of becoming incident cases, while those who commenced taking a diuretic after 5 years had nearly six times the odds of doing so.CONCLUSIONS: While the overall prevalence of xerostomia increased during the observation period, there was considerable instability, with one-quarter of the cohort changing their status. Medication exposure was strongly associated with the incidence of the condition, with recent exposure to diuretics or daily aspirin strongly predicting it.