Instant Block Confirmation in the Sleepy Model
Instant Block Confirmation in the Sleepy Model
复制标题
Sleepy 模型中的即时区块确认
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-662-64331-0_4
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Justin Raizes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Vipul Goyal;Hanjun Li;Justin Raizes
区块链协议面临一个有趣的难题：拥有区块链的股份并不一定意味着该方愿意参与日常运营。这导致大量股份由实际上不参与区块链增长的各方拥有，从而降低了其安全性。Pass和Shi [23]在区块链模型中捕捉到了这一问题，Pass等人[5]的后续工作将他们的结果扩展到了一个完整的权益证明区块链协议中，即使大多数参与方可能离线，该协议也可以继续安全地进行。然而，他们的协议要求在交易首次出现在分类账中之后添加10个或更多的区块以进行确认。另一方面，现有的基于拜占庭协议的区块链协议，如Algorand [6，7，14]，一旦交易出现在分类账中就确认交易，但当用户在强制时不在线时无法进行。我们要解决的主要问题是：是否存在即使大多数参与方（分别为股份）可能是离线的，并确认交易，只要他们出现在分类账？我们的主要结果表明，这个问题的答案是“是”。我们提出了一个权益证明区块链协议，只要超过一半的在线权益由诚实的各方控制，该协议就会继续安全地进行，并在账本中出现时立即确认交易。
Blockchain protocols suffer from an interesting conundrum: owning stake in the Blockchain doesn’t necessarily mean that the party is willing to participate in day to day operations. This leads to large quantities of stake being owned by parties who do not actually participate in the growth of the blockchain, reducing its security. Pass and Shi [23] captured this concern in thesleepy model, and subsequent work by Pass et al. [5] extended their results into a full Proof of Stake blockchain protocol which can continue to securely progress even when the majority of parties may be offline. However, their protocol requires 10 or more blocks to be added after a transaction first appears in the ledger for it to be confirmed. On the other hand, existing Byzantine Agreement based blockchain protocols such as Algorand [6, 7, 14] confirm transactions as soon as they appear in the ledger, but are unable to progress when users are not online when mandated.The main question we address is:Do there exist blockchain protocols which can continue to securely progress even when the majority of parties (resp. stake) may be offline, and confirm transactions as soon as they appear in the ledger?Our main result shows the answer to this question to be “yes”. We present a Proof of Stake blockchain protocol which continues to securely progress so long as more than half of the online stake is controlled by honest parties, and instantly confirms transactions upon appearance in the ledger.